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Old 07-31-2006, 03:43 PM   #1
vortmax
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Apache CGI


I'm attempting to get CGI running in apache 2.2.2. I fresh installed apache to a different directory structure then was default. So the server root is now /usr/local/etc/httpd

I configured the httpd.conf file to allow cgi and to close off that folder to the contents being downloaded. This does work, as when I attempt to access anything in the cgi-bin folder through a browser, I get and accessed denied error.

The problem is, when I attempt to run a cgi script I get a "server declined to display page" error. Checking the logs reveals that it's a "client denied by server configuration:" error.

I figured that this was a configuration error, but looking at my httpd.conf file, I can't figure out what is missing.

Through looking online, I also came across something saying that Apache 2.0 dropped the cgi module as a default set up and that I'd have to install one manually. Is this true?

I tried downloading the fastcgi module and installing it, but am running into issues. I place the files in a /fastcgi directory in the /modules dir of apache. Then I modify the MakeFile to point to the server root, and use make. When I do this I get the following error:

Code:
[root@meso fastcgi]# make
/usr/local/etc/httpd/build/rules.mk:224: .deps: No such file or directory
make: *** No rule to make target `.deps'.  Stop.
I really have no idea what it's not liking as /usr/local/etc/httpd/build/rules.mk does exist.
 
Old 08-02-2006, 08:59 AM   #2
bathory
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Quote:
I configured the httpd.conf file to allow cgi and to close off that folder to the contents being downloaded
Can you post here that part of httpd.conf to see what you've changed.
Note also that apache did not dropped cgi support!!!
 
Old 08-02-2006, 12:41 PM   #3
vortmax
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I've been playing around with it and this is what I'm getting in the logs:


Code:
[Wed Aug 02 11:20:00 2006] [error] [client 151.159.236.34] (2)No such file or directory: exec of '/home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin/test.pl' failed
[Wed Aug 02 11:20:00 2006] [error] [client 151.159.236.34] Premature end of script headers: test.pl
So apparently cgi is attempting to run the script but can't see the file/directroy.


I tried messing with this section of code:

Code:
<Directory "/home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin/">
    AllowOverride None
    Options ExecCGI
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
    AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl
</Directory>
I changed the 'Options' to none and ExecCGI with no change in results as well as commented out the AddHandler. I even tried commenting out the AddHandler here and uncommenting it later in the script.

anyway, here is my conf file

Code:
#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2> for detailed information.
# In particular, see 
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.  
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"
# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/etc/httpd" will be interpreted by the
# server as "/usr/local/etc/httpd/logs/foo.log".

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to point the LockFile directive
# at a local disk.  If you wish to share the same ServerRoot for multiple
# httpd daemons, you will need to change at least LockFile and PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/usr/local/etc/httpd"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to 
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#


<IfModule !mpm_netware_module>
#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.  
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User T28    
Group T28
</IfModule>

# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin matthew.beals@gold.sdsmt.edu

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
ServerName meso.ias.sdsmt.edu

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/home/T28/www/servers"

#
# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that
# directory (and its subdirectories). 
#
# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of 
# features.  
#
<Directory />
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
</Directory>

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#

#
# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.
#
<Directory "/home/T28/www/servers">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    AllowOverride All

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all

</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being 
# viewed by Web clients. 
#
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
    Order allow,deny
    Deny from all
    Satisfy All
</FilesMatch>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog logs/error_log

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    #LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b ${PATH_TRANSLATED}e" common

    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    CustomLog logs/access_log common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    #CustomLog logs/access_log combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to 
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client 
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. 
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

<IfModule cgid_module>
    #
    # ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX
    # socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid.
    #
    #Scriptsock logs/cgisock
</IfModule>

#
# "/usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
 
<Directory "/home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin/">
    AllowOverride None
    Options ExecCGI
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl
</Directory>


#
# DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value.  If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
# text.
#
DefaultType text/plain

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig /www/conf/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddType text/html .shtml
    #AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
# contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
#
#MIMEMagicFile /www/conf/magic

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it, 
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall is used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted 
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
#
#EnableMMAP off
#EnableSendfile off

# Supplemental configuration
#
# The configuration files in the /www/conf/extra/ directory can be 
# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of 
# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as 
# necessary.

# Server-pool management (MPM specific)
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf

# Multi-language error messages
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf

# Fancy directory listings
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf

# Language settings
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf

# User home directories
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf

# Real-time info on requests and configuration
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf

# Virtual hosts
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf

# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf

# Various default settings
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf

# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections
#Include /www/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
#
# Note: The following must must be present to support
#       starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent
#       but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl.
#
<IfModule ssl_module>
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
</IfModule>
 
Old 08-02-2006, 04:02 PM   #4
bathory
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From the error log, I think it's a permissions problem. Try:
Code:
chmod -R 755 /home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin
chmod 755 /home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin/test.pl
 
Old 08-02-2006, 04:08 PM   #5
vortmax
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unfortuneately I've been down the permissions road already. Everything inside the document root, including the document root folder is set to 755 and is owned by T28:T28, which is the apache user:group.

On a side note, using that config file, I was getting a 500 "internal server error" and this in my log:
Code:
No such file or directory: exec of '/home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin/test.pl' failed
I went ahead and rm'ed the cgi-bin dir in my server root, and in it's place put a symbolic link to the cgi-bin dir in my docRoot. Then I changed the config file to point to "cgi-bin/" as the script alias dir. So apache looked in it's own server root to find the cgi-bin dir and was pointed back to the same dir and file it was looking for initially. Using this configuration I get a 403 "Forbidden" error and this in the logs:
Code:
client denied by server configuration: /usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin/test.pl
 
Old 08-02-2006, 04:54 PM   #6
isuck@linux
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scripts don't need to be owned by apache user but yes you need at least 755 in the CGI directory and also try giving 755 to the next higher folder in the path. Everything looks good in your httpd.conf, so it's a permission issue. Can you paste here ls -la in your /servers/ directory and your /servers/cgi-bin/. Are you sure that is the httpd.conf that your apache is using and not a copy? because judging by this line:
Quote:
client denied by server configuration: /usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin/test.pl
there is a ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin/" somewhere which is the apache default cgi folder.
 
Old 08-02-2006, 05:06 PM   #7
bathory
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There is no need to create the symlink. As isuck@linux said you could define:
Code:
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin/
Also change the
Quote:
AllowOverride None
to
Code:
AllowOverride Options
inside <Directory "/home/T28/www/servers/cgi-bin/"> and see if it works.
BTW what distro are you using? There are some distros (fedora to name one), that use SELinux which prevents scripts to run from wherever you want, unless you configure it accordingly.
 
Old 08-02-2006, 05:06 PM   #8
isuck@linux
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I'm using apache2 and this module is load in my http.conf, I don;t see anything like it in yours but i'm not sure if it's meaningful.

Quote:
LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
 
Old 08-02-2006, 05:10 PM   #9
isuck@linux
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bathory, I was reading your post and I ran in a problem like that. I can't run CGI from outside my www folder. The path needs to be inside this folder or doesn't execute. I run debian, how can I check if this SeLinux you mentioned is the reason.
 
Old 08-02-2006, 05:27 PM   #10
bathory
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Quote:
LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
This is used when mod_cgi is used as a DSO and not a built-in module in apache.
I don't know about debian and selinux, but according to this, it's installed, but not enabled by default.

Regards
 
Old 08-03-2006, 08:42 AM   #11
vortmax
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well i figured it out and you'll never believe what it was.

Apparently, windows based text editors use \r\n as the end of line character while *nix systems use \n. I'm developing on a windows laptop, so when I transfered the script over the Fedora box, it was using the windows end-of-line code. When the first line of the script, pointing to perl, was read, the extra \r was preventing it from finding perl, hence the "could not be found" error.

So I went back into my httpd.conf file and changed everything back to /home/T28.., opened up the .pl file in vi on the linux box, deleted the carriage returns and put them back in. Viola it works.

Something I would have NEVER thought about in a million years. So keep that tidbit filed away for future reference.
 
  


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