Linux - Server This forum is for the discussion of Linux Software used in a server related context. |
Notices |
Welcome to LinuxQuestions.org, a friendly and active Linux Community.
You are currently viewing LQ as a guest. By joining our community you will have the ability to post topics, receive our newsletter, use the advanced search, subscribe to threads and access many other special features. Registration is quick, simple and absolutely free. Join our community today!
Note that registered members see fewer ads, and ContentLink is completely disabled once you log in.
Are you new to LinuxQuestions.org? Visit the following links:
Site Howto |
Site FAQ |
Sitemap |
Register Now
If you have any problems with the registration process or your account login, please contact us. If you need to reset your password, click here.
Having a problem logging in? Please visit this page to clear all LQ-related cookies.
Get a virtual cloud desktop with the Linux distro that you want in less than five minutes with Shells! With over 10 pre-installed distros to choose from, the worry-free installation life is here! Whether you are a digital nomad or just looking for flexibility, Shells can put your Linux machine on the device that you want to use.
Exclusive for LQ members, get up to 45% off per month. Click here for more info.
|
 |
|
12-31-2010, 10:37 PM
|
#16
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
Thanks again bob.....just finished reading something and realized I actually saw iLO, not LILO.....duh!!
|
|
|
12-31-2010, 11:42 PM
|
#17
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
Thanks bob.....after further reading I realized it was iLO, not LILO.....duh!!
So, is grub, is grub is grub?? Does it matter that I'm working with a server? The reinstall looks pretty simple.
|
|
|
01-01-2011, 09:29 AM
|
#18
|
Member
Registered: Apr 2005
Location: NYC
Distribution: Debian, RHEL
Posts: 269
Rep:
|
Grub is grub, there will be no major differences in how this is done because it is a server, laptop, desktop, etc. Just be careful with mount points since they can be different based on the hardware you are using, and if the original setup was done using LVM (logical volumes in Red Hat) or physical paths (for an HP Smart Array it will likely be /dev/cciss/xxx).
|
|
|
01-01-2011, 11:33 AM
|
#19
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
Here is what I've seen online to reinstall grub:
$ sudo grub
grub> find /boot/grub/stage1
(hdx,x)
grub> root (hdx,x)
grub> setup (hdx) OR setup (hdx,x)?? two schools of thought here
grub> quit
Sound right?
|
|
|
01-01-2011, 02:28 PM
|
#20
|
Member
Registered: Apr 2005
Location: NYC
Distribution: Debian, RHEL
Posts: 269
Rep:
|
Well this probably isn't what you want to hear, but both options could be right, or neither of them could be right. Think about what is happening when the server is booting for a minute to help understand. When you hit the power button the BIOS will do a POST, and after all subsystems BIOS will begin to pass control (in the specified order) to various devices until it finds one which has instructions on how to boot. In this case it is a drive with Grub on the MBR. Grub then knows where the OS is installed, and how to start booting the default (or selected) kernel.
The thing you will need to know is where was Grub originally installed, and where is your OS installed? The grub commands listed are just specifying to install the Grub bootloader on the first drive in the system. This will generally be the default, but there is no reason that things might be setup differently in your case. Have you been able to boot to a live CD and look at the drives and see how what partitions exist with data still in tact? That should help ensure we are now configuring Grub properly.
|
|
|
01-01-2011, 02:53 PM
|
#21
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
Erik, I plan on booting Ubuntu today. Not really sure what I should expect to see as far as data goes. By that I mean, I'm used to Windows environment where I can view individual drives, folders, files.
Are there commands I can use, or even in the GUI environment to be able to tell what version of Linux I have?
In the few times I've seen this machine booting up, I recall Redhat displayed, but can't recall the version/release, etc.
Thanks.......Happy New Year!
|
|
|
01-01-2011, 04:04 PM
|
#22
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
I tried typing sudo grub and command wasn't recognized. Then I typed just grub and it says grub isn't installed and gave me command to do so.
In GUI interface I opened folders and see GRUB listed....is this the same thing?
I don't have admin rights to look at some of the folders and they aren't named, so although I see GRUB listed, I don't know on which drive it resides.
|
|
|
01-01-2011, 06:29 PM
|
#23
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
More info......
Under Places>Computer> I attempt to open /home and /temp and get error message "Unable to mount location- No mount object for mounted volume"
Under /boot I can view files/folders.....GRUB is listed first.
Then under System>GParted??>.......wasn't really sure what I was looking at, but window shows following columns:
Partition
File System
Mount Point
Label
Size.....etc....
|
|
|
01-01-2011, 06:58 PM
|
#24
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
Erik, you spoke of the mount points earlier.
I see under GParted the Partitions read /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 through c0d0p8
|
|
|
01-02-2011, 10:12 AM
|
#25
|
Member
Registered: Apr 2005
Location: NYC
Distribution: Debian, RHEL
Posts: 269
Rep:
|
The path /dev/cciss/c0d0px are the physical devices, not the mount points. Each of those is a partition, and you will need to determine which one of them is mounted as what. The easy way would be to look for a file on the disk /etc/fstab which has all of these mappings. Also this isn't making complete sense when matched with the output of the controller having three arrays, the Gparted is showing as having multiple partitions but on a single logical drive. Now this either means you possible missed the other arrays when you first looked, some data has been lost, or those drives were never in use.
Some of the problems you are having are likely due to permissions, so it might be easiest to mount the drives using the live CD again, but this time use a terminal to run some tests. First I would say do a sudo fdisk -l, which should list all devices and partitions on those devices. Obviously for this exercise we are only interested in the drives in those which are on the array which was in use prior. Then you can do a sudo df which will show how the live CD mounted the partitions so they can be accessed. Then you can use commands such as sudo ls to check the integrity of data on the partitions.
Also using an Ubuntu live CD to fix grub of a Red Hat server might not be the best idea as Ubuntu is more latest packages where as Red Hat is all about stability and generally uses older versions. Is this server still under contract with Red Hat? Do you have access to the original install CD/DVD, using that to repair grub will probably give you the best compatibility and reduce potential from problems when doing future Red Hat updates.
|
|
|
01-02-2011, 11:00 AM
|
#26
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
Erik, I did both sudo commands, unfortunately I can't give you a screenshot. I can give any info I see though.
Under GParted>Devices>....I show /dev/ccis/c0d0 (size)
/dev/ccis/c0d1 (size)
/dev/ccis/c0d2 (size)
The info I gave in a previous post above was only for /dev/ccis/c0d0.
In all of these, the Mount Point is populated as well as Label and Flags.
How are the partitions accessed once I type sudo df?
|
|
|
01-02-2011, 02:32 PM
|
#27
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
Under Computer>/boot.....I see a grub folder/file and all of its sub directories. Is this not the same thing?
No such luck with original cd.
|
|
|
01-02-2011, 03:58 PM
|
#28
|
Member
Registered: Apr 2005
Location: NYC
Distribution: Debian, RHEL
Posts: 269
Rep:
|
I have not used an Ubuntu live CD recently. Yes the files and directories for grub in /boot are what is relevant to booting the system. However what we need to verify is if the /boot you are seeing is the version from the CD or one of the actual drives. You also then need to go further and make sure that one of the three logical drives has a MBR with grub installed.
df will just list the mounted partitions/drives:
/dev/sdb2 8649576 4575408 3634792 56% /
You should see multiple lines like the above, this is just showing that /dev/sdb2 is used with a mount point of / (the root partition). What you want to see is which physical devices are mapped to which mount points, and then inspect the original /boot and make sure everything there is readable and in tact. You can also verify that the logical volume which has /boot has a MBR and is marked as bootable.
|
|
|
01-02-2011, 04:31 PM
|
#29
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
I'm slowly understanding the logical/physical partitions.
And I'm seeing that data as you describe.
In the GUI, I don't see MBR file/folder under /boot.....is it in within another folder?
In the command line, how do I access those partitions.......is this a cd /mount point command at the prompt?
|
|
|
01-02-2011, 04:37 PM
|
#30
|
LQ Newbie
Registered: Dec 2010
Posts: 25
Original Poster
Rep:
|
Wait a minute.....is this where the mount command comes into play? My reading is a few steps behind my questions 
|
|
|
All times are GMT -5. The time now is 02:43 PM.
|
LinuxQuestions.org is looking for people interested in writing
Editorials, Articles, Reviews, and more. If you'd like to contribute
content, let us know.
|
Latest Threads
LQ News
|
|