As long as you aren't running any sort of services on your desktop, I think your configuration (though maybe extreme) would work just fine.
I would add the RELATED option match to both the INPUT and OUTPUT to widen the criteria a bit more and not hassle the type of connections when there is a need to spontaneously create other connection to increase, for example download speed.
Other than that, it seems fine.
Btw, I'm no security expert, or iptables expert for that matter, so take everything I say with a grain of salt.
Good luck!