The Linux kernels are modular.
The functionality is contained in modules that are loaded into the kernel dynamically.
A module is a peice of a kernel that can be optionally loaded into the kernel- (brains)
This keeps the core small and makes it possible to load or replace modules in a running kernel w/o rebooting.
There is also more than one version of the kernel-
https://www.kernel.org/
http://kernelnewbies.org/KernelBuild