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what could be the reasons when we are unable to ping hostname

what could be the reasons when we are unable to ping hostname

Need a lot more info than that. What kind of setup are you dealing with? Have you added the hostname you're trying to ping to /etc/hosts? Can you ping the IP?

how can i convert normal user to super user what is the command

You still haven't said what distribution this is. Either "sudo command" or "su -" to switch to a root shell. Depends on what your setup looks like.

With Debian, You can add the user to sudoers. As root run the command

Code:

#visudo

It will open the sudoers file. You can add the line starts with "kinnowgrower" to the file as shown below

Code:

# User privilege specification

root    ALL=(ALL) ALL

kinnowgrower ALL=(ALL) ALL

Replace username with kinnowgrower and save the file. Now the user is able to run all the commands as superuser. User have to add word "sudo" to every command .e.g.

sudo vi /etc/passwd

user would be prompted to enter password. User has to enter his regular password

You can add the following command as well.

Code:

kinnowgrower ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL

The only difference is now user wont be prompted for the password. Be careful while giving root privileges to regular user. Now user has the ability to run all commands on the system including ability to change root password as well. Ofcourse you can limit the user to run specifc commands only using visudo.

get help with

man visudo and www.google.com