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-   -   services and runlevels (https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-newbie-8/services-and-runlevels-444189/)

sancho1980 05-12-2006 02:52 PM

services and runlevels
 
hi
i'm trying to get my hands on linux following a book called linux-a hands-on-guide that comes in chapters with exercises at the end of each and stuff and I'm having some understanding problems:
the books says that to find out which services are currently running you need to look into /etc/rc0.d-rcS.d..now, I'm using kanotix linux live and strangely on my two computers where I tried it out all these directories where empty!!
the exercises go on to ask: what services are currently running and "Which services run in graphical mode that don't run in text mode?"..How am I going to know? I tried apropo and man and stuff but I wasn't able to find answers that would satisfay me; to tell the truth, i still don't get the point of having different runlevels..
thanks in advance,
martin

Michael_aust 05-12-2006 03:12 PM

KSysv is a graphical tool for editing what services atart at what run level etc.

dtcs 05-12-2006 03:35 PM

Hello sancho1980
Runlevels are important part of any operating system. Runlevels range from 0-6.
0 is the shutdown runlevel that your system goes into when you want to bring the system down.
1 single user for fixing stuff
2 unused
3 multiuser default
4 multiuser with graphical login such as gdm, xdm
5 unused
6 reboot
vlaues may vary between distros.

You can change the runlevel with this command: telinit [runlevel_number]
and to check current runlevel: who -r

Runlevels come in two flavours, BSD and SystemV styles.
BSD style runlevels are placed in /etc/rc.d/
SysV places runlevels in directories /etc/rc[0-6].d

In your book they are using SysV style.
To check what services are running execute:
netstat -pn -l -A inet
OR
/usr/sbin/lsof -i | grep LISTEN

sancho1980 05-12-2006 03:52 PM

thanx for your replies
but just to make sure I don't mix things up:
service = daemon?
I mean, I though the guy was talking about all the different daemons that make my system run like the X window system and stuff..but after entering your command

netstat -pn -l -A inet

I get an output that looks like it wants to tell me something about inet services

i'm still confused because the /etc/rcX/-directories are empty on my system..suppose that has to do with my distro's being a "linux live on cd" (kanotix)...but still, how does it know what services to start...i mean, evidently there ARE services running otherwise i wouldn't have a gui and inet access and stuff...do you get my point?

i also tried ksysv and...the same..seems like NO services are running and there aren't any services available either that i could add to all the different runlevels...anybody got a clue whether this is down to kanotix or what am i getting wrong??

thanks,

martin


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