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Old 02-10-2017, 03:54 PM   #1
fanoflq
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ls -al command issues. Unable to dsplay all fles

#I have this folder, dir, to show the problem.
Quote:
user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 44 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 11:57 dir1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:56 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:55 .hiddenfile1

#Now create dir0 to copy files from dir.
user1@server1 ~ $ mkdir dir0

user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir0
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 .
drwxr-xr-x 45 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..

#Now copy ALL files from dir to dir0
user1@server1 ~ $ cp -a dir dir0

#When I use "ls -al dir0" command on dir0, I do not see files, I only see directory.
user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir0
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:40 .
drwxr-xr-x 45 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 dir

#BUT if I use "ls -al dir0/*" command on dir0, I see ALL the files.
user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir0/*
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:40 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 11:57 dir1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:56 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:55 .hiddenfile1
user1@server1 ~ $

#Now if I cd into dir0, I still do not see all the files using ls -al.
#This does not make sense since I can see ALL files when I do ls -al in my home directory, /home/user1. Why?
user1@server1 ~ $ cd dir0
user1@server1 ~/dir0 $ ls -al
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:40 .
drwxr-xr-x 45 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 dir
user1@server1 ~/dir0 $
Last edited by fanoflq; 02-10-2017 at 04:09 PM.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 04:08 PM   #2
r3sistance
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you are copying dir itself into dir0 rather than copying the content of dir into dir0, perhap try `cp -a dir/* dir0`, see if you see a difference there.

Alternatively do not create dir0 in advance.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 05:01 PM   #3
fanoflq
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Quote:
Originally Posted by r3sistance View Post
you are copying dir itself into dir0 rather than copying the content of dir into dir0, perhap try `cp -a dir/* dir0`, see if you see a difference there.

Alternatively do not create dir0 in advance.
Thank you.
But you are not answering my questions,
and your response is also not making sense to me.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 05:09 PM   #4
r3sistance
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The issue is you messed up your CP statement, not the LS statement.

Let's put it another way...

What I think you think you are doing should result in having

dir0/.hiddenfile1

it isn't, it is resulting in having

dir0/dir/.hiddenfile1

Because you messed up the cp command.
Last edited by r3sistance; 02-10-2017 at 05:11 PM.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 05:09 PM   #5
BW-userx
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Quote:
Originally Posted by fanoflq View Post
#I have this folder, dir, to show the problem.
user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 44 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 11:57 dir1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:56 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:55 .hiddenfile1

#Now create dir0 to copy files from dir.
user1@server1 ~ $ mkdir dir0

user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir0
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 .
drwxr-xr-x 45 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..

#Now copy ALL files from dir to dir0
user1@server1 ~ $ cp -a dir dir0

#When I use "ls -al dir0" command on dir0, I do not see files, I only see directory.
user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir0
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:40 .
drwxr-xr-x 45 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 dir

#BUT if I use "ls -al dir0/*" command on dir0, I see ALL the files.
user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir0/*
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:40 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 11:57 dir1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:56 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:55 .hiddenfile1
user1@server1 ~ $

#Now if I cd into dir0, I still do not see all the files using ls -al.
#This does not make sense since I can see ALL files when I do ls -al in my home directory, /home/user1. Why?
user1@server1 ~ $ cd dir0
user1@server1 ~/dir0 $ ls -al
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:40 .
drwxr-xr-x 45 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 dir
user1@server1 ~/dir0 $
Mine look here. see?
Code:
(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ mkdir test
(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ cd test
(userx@slacko⚡️~/test)>>$ ls -la
total 8
drwxr-xr-x  2 userx userx 4096 Feb 10 17:06 .
drwx------ 56 userx userx 4096 Feb 10 17:06 ..
(userx@slacko⚡️~/test)>>$ cd ..

(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ ls -la testme
total 60
-rw-r--r--  1 userx userx    23 Jan 20 15:56  ternaryoperator
drwxr-xr-x  5 userx userx  4096 Jan 20 19:30 .
drwx------ 56 userx userx  4096 Feb 10 17:06 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 userx userx     0 Jan 18 12:36 1
-rw-r--r--  1 userx userx     0 Jan 11 10:12 3-3-2323.dat
-rw-r--r--  1 userx userx     0 Jan 11 10:22 3-4-3454.dat
-rw-r--r--  1 userx userx     0 Jan 11 10:22 3-4-3455.dat
-rw-r--r--  1 userx userx     0 Jan 11 10:22 3-4-34565.dat
-rwxr-xr-x  1 userx userx 10456 Jan 20 19:29 a.out
-rwxr-xr-x  1 userx userx   124 Jan 18 16:57 nowwhat
-rwxr-xr-x  1 userx userx    23 Jan 20 15:58 ternaryoperator
-rw-r--r--  1 userx userx   319 Jan 20 19:30 ternaryoperator.c
drwxr-xr-x  2 userx userx  4096 Jan 18 16:55 testme
drwxr-xr-x  2 userx userx  4096 Jan 18 16:57 testme2
drwxr-xr-x  2 userx userx  4096 Jan 18 16:51 testme3
-rwxr-xr-x  1 userx userx   217 Jan 19 17:53 untitled
-rwxr-xr-x  1 userx userx    89 Jan 18 14:33 what
-rwxr-xr-x  1 userx userx   524 Jan 18 13:01 whatistruth

(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ cp -a testme test

(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ ls -la test
total 12
drwxr-xr-x  3 userx userx 4096 Feb 10 17:07 .
drwx------ 56 userx userx 4096 Feb 10 17:06 ..
drwxr-xr-x  5 userx userx 4096 Jan 20 19:30 testme

(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ ls -la test/*
total 60
-rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx    23 Jan 20 15:56  ternaryoperator
drwxr-xr-x 5 userx userx  4096 Jan 20 19:30 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 userx userx  4096 Feb 10 17:07 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx     0 Jan 18 12:36 1
-rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx     0 Jan 11 10:12 3-3-2323.dat
-rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx     0 Jan 11 10:22 3-4-3454.dat
-rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx     0 Jan 11 10:22 3-4-3455.dat
-rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx     0 Jan 11 10:22 3-4-34565.dat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 userx userx 10456 Jan 20 19:29 a.out
-rwxr-xr-x 1 userx userx   124 Jan 18 16:57 nowwhat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 userx userx    23 Jan 20 15:58 ternaryoperator
-rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx   319 Jan 20 19:30 ternaryoperator.c
drwxr-xr-x 2 userx userx  4096 Jan 18 16:55 testme
drwxr-xr-x 2 userx userx  4096 Jan 18 16:57 testme2
drwxr-xr-x 2 userx userx  4096 Jan 18 16:51 testme3
-rwxr-xr-x 1 userx userx   217 Jan 19 17:53 untitled
-rwxr-xr-x 1 userx userx    89 Jan 18 14:33 what
-rwxr-xr-x 1 userx userx   524 Jan 18 13:01 whatistruth


(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ cd test
(userx@slacko⚡️~/test)>>$ ls
testme
what you did with the cp -a dir dir0 was copy the directory and its contents into dir0 that is why all you see is the directory and not that directories contents until you use a wildcard that causes it to look inside of everything within the base directory.

if you just want to copy the dir contents then it is this.
Code:
cp -ar dir/* dir0
see here
Code:
(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ cp -ar testme/* test
(userx@slacko⚡️~)>>$ ls test
 ternaryoperator  3-4-3455.dat   ternaryoperator    testme3
1                 3-4-34565.dat  ternaryoperator.c  untitled
3-3-2323.dat      a.out          testme             what
3-4-3454.dat      nowwhat        testme2            whatistruth
Last edited by BW-userx; 02-10-2017 at 05:15 PM.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 05:29 PM   #6
fanoflq
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Thank you.

Quote:
user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 44 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 14:39 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 11:57 dir1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:56 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 user1 user1 0 Feb 10 11:55 .hiddenfile1

Quote:
user1@server1 ~ $ rm -rf dir0
user1@server1 ~ $ mkdir dir0
user1@server1 ~ $ cp -a dir/* dir0
user1@server1 ~ $ ls -al dir0
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 16:23 .
drwxr-xr-x 45 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 16:22 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 user1 4096 Feb 10 15:18 dir1
Why is the copy command not copying the other two files to dir0 also?
 
Old 02-10-2017, 05:31 PM   #7
r3sistance
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Quote:
Originally Posted by fanoflq View Post
Thank you.

Why is the copy command not copying the other two files to dir0 also?
It seems you still haven't understood, it HAS copied the other two files. The other two files are just not where YOU think they are because you still don't understand the behavior of the cp command.

As I said, you have copied ~/dir to ~/dir0/dir and so the other files are in ~/dir0/dir. You're running 'ls -al dir0' instead of 'ls -al dir0/dir'

if you still don't get it, run the following

Code:
ls -al ~/dir0/dir
Last edited by r3sistance; 02-10-2017 at 05:35 PM.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 05:47 PM   #8
fanoflq
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@r3sistance:
In my last post, I am doing a slightly different copy command.
I was copying content of dir, excluding dir itself to dir0.
Note the asterisk wildcard for dir/* below.
Quote:
user1@server1 ~ $ cp -a dir/* dir0
This means I do not expect to find dir inside dir0.
I expect to find dir1, file1, and .hiddenfile1.
But I only saw dir1 inside dir0 when using ls -al dir0.
So why is that?
You should get the sase result as I do if you did what I did.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 05:53 PM   #9
r3sistance
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ah apologies, missed that. now that is odd. Just to cross reference try the following

Quote:
rm -rf ~/dir0
cp -a ~/dir ~/dir0
ls -al ~/dir0
 
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Old 02-10-2017, 06:07 PM   #10
fanoflq
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Quote:
Originally Posted by r3sistance View Post
ah apologies, missed that. now that is odd. Just to cross reference try the following
OK, now I am confused.

Quote:
cp -a ~/dir ~/dir0
and
Quote:
cp -a dir dir0
have different result if you create dir0 before cp command!

I looked at the man page, and there is no such description!

In case of an existing directory, e.g. dir0, how
do you copy all contents of dir to dir0?
Last edited by fanoflq; 02-10-2017 at 06:19 PM.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 06:16 PM   #11
r3sistance
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there shouldn't be a difference... you deleted dir0 again and didn't do a mkdir right? if so... do

Quote:
which cp
let's check nobody is pulling a prank on you.
 
Old 02-10-2017, 06:18 PM   #12
hydrurga
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By default, Bash doesn't glob dot files with *, which is why cp -a dir/* dir0 is not copying the hidden file across.

This behaviour can be changed with shopt -s dotglob

See e.g. http://askubuntu.com/questions/25938...e-hidden-files
 
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Old 02-10-2017, 06:24 PM   #13
r3sistance
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Quote:
Originally Posted by hydrurga View Post
By default, Bash doesn't glob dot files with *, which is why cp -a dir/* dir0 is not copying the hidden file across.

This behaviour can be changed with shopt -s dotglob

See e.g. http://askubuntu.com/questions/25938...e-hidden-files
But only one of the two missing files is a hidden file, the other file missing which is file1 isn't dot prefixed.
 
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Old 02-10-2017, 06:25 PM   #14
fanoflq
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OK. Here goes..... no prank.

Quote:
Originally Posted by r3sistance View Post
there shouldn't be a difference... you deleted dir0 again and didn't do a mkdir right? if so... do
let's check nobody is pulling a prank on you.
Quote:


~ $ which cp
/bin/cp
 
Old 02-10-2017, 06:29 PM   #15
fanoflq
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Quote:
Originally Posted by hydrurga View Post
By default, Bash doesn't glob dot files with *, which is why cp -a dir/* dir0 is not copying the hidden file across.

This behaviour can be changed with shopt -s dotglob

See e.g. http://askubuntu.com/questions/25938...e-hidden-files
cp only copy directories if I already have a destination folder. Looks like it is a bug, no?
See my post above.
 
  


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