Hello, I'm learning linux, I'm at the beginning of this adventure. A bios and then a boot loader is used to switch the computer on then the Ernal takes over my question is why cant the kernel do the bios and boot loaders job

Looks and sounds like homework.
Suggest you research BIOS and boot loader (and kernel). Not really a Linux question.. After all, Windows has a kernel, too.
Wikipedia has useful articles.

1 members found this post helpful.

Sounds like something to put in a search engine.
Without being an expert in these things, something similar is happening on ARM devices. That's the reason why their operating systems are not portable; each one must be tailored to specific hardware.
Also read up on the history of the PC architecture (IBM PC compatible).

Something has to start the boot process! That's why it's called booting: somehow the computer has to "pull itself up by its own bootlaces".

When you switch your computer on, the Linux kernel is just a file on disk. It will never get loaded and run unless there is something around that doesn't need to be loaded.

Er, not quite. Check out this description of Bootstrapping

I remember back on the good old days of DEC PDP11 computers having to toggle in a bootstrap program of several commands via toggle switches on the front panel to get the paper tape reader to load in the Absolute loader to access a 2.5Mb (Yup! Megabyte!) RK05 disk cartridge which gave me access to the diagnostics (or a huge fan-fold of paper tape diagnostics! Fun! Used to have to splice them back together of they tore. <sigh>)

You young whipper snappers who have everything held in ROM, PROM, Non volatile memory, etc, are spoiled rotten!

My

Play Bonny!

What a luxury!
Our RK06 disk was only 2.5 MB (4880 blocks of 512 byes) and we did later create our own bootstrap loader in hardware for that 11/10 PDP (32 KB CORE Memory)- a whopping 37 16-words were available for that!
It was in fact a card with 37X 16 resistors, meaning a "1", you had to cutout those you wanted to be a "0"
So we worked it out complete in assembler first and then cut the right ones out. Was quite a lot better better then having to switch in the whole bootstrap sequence through the front switches, we now only had to set the start address there.

@ehartman
I thought the RK06 was 14Mb, RK07 double that at 28Mb (I managed to get my disk type and size wrong above; RK05 not RK03 - Typo, plus 2.5Mb not 5Mb) Doh! Core memory was great, you could load diagnostics into core memory on your test system, drive to the customer's site and install the core then run the diagnostics in situ!

Play Bonny!

I recall having to talk a co-worker through toggling in the bootstrap loader on an 11/34a halfway across the country over the phone after a boot floppy was damaged by a magnetized screwdriver just so he could restore the boot sector of the RL02 disk holding the RT-11 OS... and make a new boot floppy. (Fortunately, it had the programmer's front panel; not all 11s did. Without that we would have been sunk and I'd have been on the next flight with boot media.) On another occasion, I got to toggle in the bootstrap for an RM03 disk to run XXDP+ diagnostics on an 11/70 after moving it and putting is all back together at another site.

Those surely were the days...

Sorry for derailing this thread and turning it into a "Fond memories of DEC PDP11s and how they boot." Lets not even think about VAX 11/780s and the LSI 11 console subsystem which I always thought of as as effectively the VAX "starter motor" Oh! Too late, I DID think of it.

I'm sure this post has now completely confused the OP and has imparted no useful information whatsoever to him/her.

@Skeletor2312
Welcome to Linux Questions by the way, I hope you're not regretting joining this merry band of reprobates!

Get back on track peeps!

Play Bonny!

Surely the point is that mainframes and minicomputers didn't have or need a bios because they were intended to run for weeks, and be rebooted only occasionally by people who knew what they were doing. The first PCs were designed to be booted every day by people who were not professional machine operators, so they really needed to be self-starting. Hence the point of having a tiny program on a chip of ROM that would be loaded and run automatically when someone switched the computer on.