Thinkpad R61 Laptop with Vista got the BSOD
I pulled the hard drive and replaced with a new Hard drive, 60GB SSD -

On this drive installed
Ubuntu 10.04 - No other operating systems exist on this disk

Everything installed fine and the machine restarted into the OS

Everything works fine (web, games, office, ect.) until after 1 restart.

After 1 restart laptop halts startup after bios on the following error message

Error: unknown filesystem
grub rescue>

I have checked the BIOS - everything is Kosher
I have replaced the CMOS battery

Currently downloading the newest version of Ubuntu (currently 11.10) to see if that changes anything but have my doubts

Any thoughts I'm stumped - if this is software it shouldn't boot the first time at all.
If it's hardware it should just plain not be booting...Right?

Is the 60GB SSD the only drive on the computer?
Did you create a separate boot partition? or did you install Ubuntu on one partition?
Use the CD with which you installed Ubuntu, boot it, go to the Applications tab and look for terminal, open it and enter this:

That is a lower case Letter L in the command. No password should be needed. Post the output here. If you know how to mount partitions, you could mount whichever partition has the boot directory and post the contents of /boot/grub/grub.cfg file. If you don't know how, post back.

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It looks like a grub loading problem
Look at your grub.conf to see what's defined as your kernel and if its located correctly

This error means the bootloader couldn't find the kernel, initramfs file or the root file system. So, I would start digging grub.conf

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Thanks for your help, I really appreciate it

the 60GB SSD is the only drive in the computer
I did not create a separate boot partition and Ubuntu is on one partition
the results of the sudo fdisk -l are

Disk /dev/sda: 60.0 GB, 60022480896 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7297 cylinders, total 117231408 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0002d757

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 113123327 56560640 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 113125374 117229567 2052097 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 113125376 117229567 2052096 82 Linux swap / Solaris

I really don't know how to look at the grub.conf or play with it for that matter but got startup-manager installed and will test to see if that helps at all - I'll search the forums for more info on this but if you have any ideas or links to tutorials that go a bit more in depth I would really appreciate it.

Thanks!

Grub2 requires the use of more than just the MBR sector - has your machine (BIOS) got any latent virus protection ?.
Go here, do as it says and post the RESULTS.txt