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Old 08-13-2004, 12:45 PM   #1
rsearing
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Accessing CD Drives/Floppy Drives


How do you switch to differnt drives from CLI?
(sorry to compare, but in windows, it was simply a: or d: )

Thanks in advance.
Rob
 
Old 08-13-2004, 12:59 PM   #2
Dark_Helmet
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There aren't any a: or d: drives in Linux

Everything is integrated into the filesystem. You add a drive into a filesystem by mounting it. When you mount a drive, you select a mount point, which is just a directory in the filesystem. Say, for instance, you had an empty directory named /mnt/floppy. You could mount your floppy drive with this command:
mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy

From that point on, you access your floppy disk by reading and writing files in the /mnt/floppy directory. When you are done, you unmount the floppy with:
umount /mnt/floppy

Note: always, always, always unmount a disk before removing it from the drive. Failing to do so might leave the disk corrupted.

For the above commands, you may need to be root to execute them.
 
Old 08-13-2004, 03:09 PM   #3
rsearing
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Could you give an example of how to do this for cd rom? I am sorry, I am very new at this ... could you please be descriptive as to the CLI commands?

-Rob

also...you say you need to "unmount" when you are done with the disk?

Last edited by rsearing; 08-13-2004 at 03:10 PM.
 
Old 08-13-2004, 03:17 PM   #4
Dark_Helmet
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It's pretty much the exact same thing. Most distributions will make it easy for you by creating a special device file: /dev/cdrom

So, to mount it, you would put a CD (audio CDs do not mount), and execute a command similar to:
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

You need to create the /mnt/cdrom directory if it does not already exist. From that point, you access your CD drive through the /mnt/cdrom directory. Similarly, you unmount it with:
umount /mnt/cdrom

Note: You will not be able to eject the CD until you unmount it.

If you don't have a /dev/cdrom entry, you'll have to specify the device yourself. Your computer probably has two IDE controllers: a primary and secondary. Each controller can handle two drives (usually referred to as master and slave).

primary master is /dev/hda
primary slave is /dev/hdb
secondary master is /dev/hdc
secondary slave is /dev/hdd

So, you need to know how your CD drive is connected (it is usually on the secondary controller). So the mount command above would turn into:
mount /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrom

or

mount /dev/hdd /mnt/cdrom

If your CD drive is SCSI, then it's a different story.
 
Old 08-13-2004, 05:31 PM   #5
rsearing
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Dark...thank you very much for taking time to spell that all out. Your time is very much appreciated!

Regards,
Rob
 
Old 08-13-2004, 05:51 PM   #6
Dark_Helmet
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Sure thing, and I didn't see your "unmount" edit on a previous post until now. Yes, you always need to unmount a disk, especially one that's writable. Linux will buffer writes to a disk to try and speed up the system. The buffer is located in memory, and the data will sit there until the system is given a convenient opportunity to flush it out to the disk (since the write can be very slow). When you unmount the disk, you're telling the system "I'm done using this, and I'm about to take it out". So the system is force to flush the buffer onto the disk. If you remove a disk without unmounting it, data could be completely left out or in a half-written state. Neither case is what you're looking for.
 
Old 08-13-2004, 07:02 PM   #7
rsearing
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Dark...the reason I have installed Linux is because I am taking a network security class and found out last minute that it is going to be taught on a Linux machine. I have never touched Linux and was able to get Red Hat 7.3. I know absolutely NOTHING about the CLI commands and struggled with stuff that people take for granted..such as "vi" and directory stuff. I had a huge problem with xfconfig. What would you recommend me getting as far as a book to learn. I am not interested in being a power user..just enough to be profficient and maybe even have fun.

Thanks,
Rob
 
Old 08-13-2004, 07:16 PM   #8
shengchieh
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Forget linux books. By the time they come out,
they are (or near) out-of-date. Here's my long
weblink links picked up throughout the years.

Sheng-Chieh

-----

Forum Courtesy
http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html

Documentations
http://www.tldp.org/
http://www.dsl.org/cookbook/
http://www.linux.org/docs/online_books.html
http://www.madpenguin.org/
http://tille.soti.org/training/
http://linuxshop.ru/linuxbegin/win-l...en/table.shtml
http://docs.linux.com/
http://www.mandrakelinux.com/en/fdoc.php3 (mandrake)
http://www.jennings.homelinux.net/ (mandrake)
http://www.desktopos.com/
http://www.archlug.org/ ?!
http://www.desktop-linux.net/howtos.htm
http://www.debian.org/doc/
http://www.icon.co.za/~psheer/book/index.html.gz
http://www.tinyminds.org/
http://www.linuxselfhelp.com/
http://www.icon.co.za/~psheer/book/index.html
http://www.geocities.com/tipsforlinux/index-linux.html
http://sub.gotdns.org/linux-tutorial...line-stuff.php
http://linuxnovice.org/
http://linuxsurvival.com/
http://www.justlinux.com/nhf/
http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/
http://linux.about.com/library/bl/op...newbie_toc.htm

Directory
http://www.comptechdoc.org/os/linux/...ilestruct.html

Console Commands (a few links are for unix which is close to linux)
http://homepage.powerup.com.au/~squa...inuxmanual.pdf
http://www.onlamp.com/linux/cmd/
http://linux.math.tifr.res.in/manuals/
http://www.ss64.com/bash/
http://www.linuxselfhelp.com/linuxterms.html
http://www.laynetworks.com/linux.htm
http://www.emba.uvm.edu/CF/basic.html
http://amath.colorado.edu/computing/.../commands.html
http://www.er.uqam.ca/nobel/r10735/unixcomm.html
http://homepage.powerup.com.au/~squadron/
http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/ap.../index.en.html
http://www.linux-tutorial.info/index.php
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO.html (bash)
http://linux.org.mt/article/terminal (bash)
http://www.unixguide.net/linux/linuxshortcuts.shtml

Admin.
http://linux-newbie.sunsite.dk/

Archives
http://linux.org.mt/article/selfextract

News
http://linuxtoday.com/
http://mozillaquest.com/
http://www.linux.com/
http://www.madpenguin.org/

Forums
http://www.mandrakeclub.com/ (mandrake)
http://www.mandrakeusers.org/index.php (mandrake)
http://forums.xandros.com/ (xandros)
http://www.lycoris.org/forum.php (lycoris)
http://linuxiso.org/forums/
http://www.madpenguin.org/DB_phpBB2.html
http://forums.linux.com/
http://www.desktopos.com/forum.php

Buy places
http://www.linuxcentral.com/_v3/
http://almostfreelinux.com/

Games
http://icculus.org/lgfaq/
http://www.linux-games.com/
http://www.linux-gamers.net/
http://www.itworld.com/Comp/2362/lw-12-tengames/

Graphics
http://www.linuxsoft.cz/en/sw_list.php?id_kategory=20
http://www.linuxartist.com/
GIMP

Linux pre-installed vendors
http://www.linux.org/vendor/system/index.html

Linux pre-installed laptop vendors
http://www.tuxmobile.org/reseller.html
http://www.linux.org/vendor/system/laptop.html
http://www.elementcomputer.com/
http://carbonlinux.com/osc/

Laptop
http://tuxmobil.org/index.html
http://www.linux-laptop.net

Modem (problems may occur due to WinModem)
http://www.linmodems.org/
http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/Linmodem-howto.html
http://www.linuxant.com/drivers/hcf/index.php (HCF Rockwell chip)
http://axion.physics.ubc.ca/ppp-linux.html (PPP)
http://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net/ftp/SUPPORTED.CARDS (PCMCIA)

Printer
http://www.cups.org/ (CUPS used by most distributions)
http://support.lexmark.com/en/ldk/index.htm (lexmark)

Terminal
http://www.ltsp.org

Hardware Compatibility
Mandrake http://www.mandrakelinux.com/en/hardware.php3
Red Hat http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/?pagename=hcl
OpenLinux http://wdb1.caldera.com/chwp/owa/hch..._wizard.screen
Suse http://hardwaredb.suse.de/index.php?LANG=en_UK
Xandros http://www.xandros.net/hcl.html
TurboLinux http://www.turbolinux.com/hcl/TTlist.html
Knoppix http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html
YellowDogLinux http://www.yellowdoglinux.com/suppor...down/index.php
ClarkConnect http://www.clarkconnect.org/info/requirements.html
Asp-Linux http://www.asp-linux.com/docs/hardware.shtml
Easilize http://www.easilize.com/requirements.html
Libranet http://www.libranet.com/system_requirements.html
Icepack-Linux http://www.icepack-linux.com/hardware.html
EvilEntity http://undeadlinux.com/evile/req.php
IPCop http://www.ipcop.org/cgi-bin/twiki/v...op/IPCopHCLv01
Lindows http://www.lindows.com/lindows_hwsw_compatibility.php
PLD http://pld-linux.org/installer-requirements.html
GeeXBoX http://geexbox.free.fr/us/pages/require.html
MiniCD http://minicd.berlios.de/modules.php...al&parent_id=0
LinuxConsole http://linuxconsole.free.fr/requirements.php?langue=en
LiveLinux http://nwst.de/livelinuxcd/lilinux.p...tm/en_dist.htm
Tech Linux http://www.techlinux.com.br/compat.shtml
BearOps Linux http://www.bearops.com/support/bearo...20Requirements << (with support / propganda, looks easy distro)
CensorNet http://www.intrago.co.uk/products/censornet.php?sc=4
Devil Linux http://www.devil-linux.org/
Debian http://www.debian.org/releases/stabl...ware-supported
Slackware http://slackware.com/install/sysreq.php
Linux Hardware http://www.eskimo.com/~lo/linux/hardwarelinks.html (general)
Linux Hardware.net http://www.linuxhardware.net/ (general)
intel http://support.intel.com/support/gra...inux/index.htm (general)
FreeBSD-5.0-i386 http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.0R/hardware-i386.html
OpenBSD-i386 http://openbsd.org/i386.html#hardware
NetBSD-i386 http://netbsd.org/Ports/i386/hardware.html
NetBSD-Ports http://netbsd.org/Ports/
http://www4.tomshardware.com/howto/20040329/index.html (beginner)

Software Repository
http://freshmeat.net/
http://sourceforge.net/index.php
http://kde-apps.org/
http://www.kde-look.org/
http://gnomefiles.org/

Window emulator
http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/
win4lin
crossover office
wine

linux from scratch
http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/

benchmarking
http://www.tux.org/~mayer/linux/bmark.html
http://www.nobell.org/~gjm/linux/benchmark.html

----- mandrake -----

http://www.mandrakeclub.com/
http://www.mandrakelinux.com/en/
http://www.mandrake.tips.4.free.fr/index.html

----- xandros -----

http://www.archlug.org/kwiki/XandrosKwikis
http://www.desktop-linux.net/xandrostips.htm
http://neo.caslab.queensu.ca/packages/xandros binary/
http://www.tancreti.net/xandros/
http://xandros-forum.de
http://xandros.jammys.net/

adding debian stuffs to Xandros
http://forums.xandros.com/viewtopic.php?t=708
http://forums.xandros.com/viewtopic.php?t=711
http://forums.xandros.com/viewtopic.php?t=7472
http://forums.xandros.com/viewtopic.php?t=5995
http://forums.xandros.com/viewtopic.php?t=3920

----- DEBAIN -----

http://www.debian.org
http://kanotix.com/info/index.php (CD version)

----- PCLinuxOS -----

http://www.pclinuxonline.com/pclos/index.html

----- lycoris -----

http://www.lycoris.org/

----- OpenCD -----

www.theopencd.org

----- other linux-related softwares -----

Accounting
http://www.bizfinity.com/solutions/index.jsp
http://www.intacct.com/eledger_overview.html
http://www.peachtree.com/epeachtree/...quirements.cfm
http://oe.quickbooks.com/compare.shtml
http://www.sql-ledger.org
http://www.linuxcanada.com
http://www.moneydance.com

Anti-Virus/Adware/Worms
http://clamav.elektrapro.com/
http://www.hbedv.com
http://www.f-prot.com/products/corporate_users/unix/
http://www.grisoft.com/us/us_avg_single.php
http://www.sebastian-geiges.de/tkantivir/index_en.htm
http://www.ravantivirus.com/pages/download.php
http://adblock.mozdev.org
http://www.grisoft.com/us/us_dwnl_free.php

Audacity (sound recording)
http://audacity.sourceforge.net/

Backups
http://www.lysator.liu.se/~nyrell/backuptool/index.html
http://www.cds-inc.com/swreg/free.html
http://www.mikerubel.org/computers/rsync_snapshots/
http://www.biochemistry.unimelb.edu....p-HOWTO-3.html
http://kmself.home.netcom.com/Linux/FAQs/backups.html
http://www.tpci.com/linux_backup_software.htm
http://www.rosslaird.info/archives/2...writ/index.php
http://madpenguin.org/Article1505.html
http://www.rsnapshot.org
http://www.lyra.org/sitecopy/gnome/
http://www.partimage.org/
http://www.mondorescue.org/

CAD
http://www.tech-edv.co.at/lunix/CADlinks.html

CD/DVD (burn)
http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/Lin...ialCDBurn.html
http://www.xcdroast.org/ X-CD-Roast 0.98
http://sourceforge.net/projects/kreatecd/ KreateCD
http://www.koncd.de KOnCD
http://cdbakeoven.sourceforge.net/ CDBakeOven 1.7.9
http://arson.sourceforge.net/ Arson CD Copy 0.9.8 (or 0.9.7???)
http://www.unixreview.com/documents/s=8989/ur0403i/

Checkbook Tracking
http://www.icewalkers.com/Linux/Soft...k-Tracker.html

CUTE
http://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php?content=10966

dosbox
http://dosbox.sourceforge.net/news.php?show_news=1

dosemu-freedos
http://packages.debian.org/unstable/...u-freedos.html

emule (file sharing client)
http://www.emule-project.net/

Fax
http://www.cds-inc.com/swreg/free.html
http://www.cds-inc.com/prod/primafaxlinux.html

Firebird
http://texturizer.net/firebird/index.html

Firewall
https://grc.com/x/ne.dll?bh0bkyd2

Galeon
http://galeon.sourceforge.net
http://sourceforge.net/project/showf...?group_id=6999

GNUCash
http://www.gnucash.org/docs/C/gnucash-guide/

GNUplot
http://www.gnuplot.info/
www.cs.uni.edu/Help/gnuplot
www.ucc.ie/gnuplot/gnuplot.html
http://www.duke.edu/~hpgavin/gnuplot.html

KDE
http://www.kde.org/

KMail
http://docs.kde.org/en/3.1/kdenetwork/kmail/

Mozilla
http://www.mozilla.org/
http://sandbox.pixelpoems.com/til/mozfavs/

Movie/Music
http://www.mplayerhq.hu/homepage/design7/news.html (MPlayer)
http://sinek.sourceforge.net/ (Sinek)
http://www.hadess.net/totem.php3 (Totem)

MySQL
http://www.ssc.com/

NEdit
http://www.nedit.org/

OpenOffice
http://www.openoffice.org/
http://ooextras.sourceforge.net/
http://www.oooforum.org/
http://www.ooodocs.org/
http://ooo.ximian.com/hackers-guide.html
http://www.ooomacros.org/
http://www.bytebot.net/openoffice/faq.html
http://openoffice.debian.net/ (debian)
http://openoffice.start4all.com/
http://www.openofficesupport.com/
http://www.getopenoffice.org/
http://www.taming-openoffice-org.com/
http://www.digitaldistribution.com/
http://www.sover.net/~mackmoon/OOoHelpOutline.html
http://www.hentzenwerke.com/catalog/ooo501.htm
http://www.8daysaweek.co.uk/

Scanner
http://www.hamrick.com./vsm.html

Scribus (book Publishing)
http://www.scribus.org.uk/

Security
http://www.snort.org/

Spam
http://packages.debian.org/popfile
http://popfile.sourceforge.net/old_index.html
http://spambayes.sourceforge.net/

Thunderbird
http://www.mozilla.org/projects/thunderbird/

Wireless
http://www-scf.usc.edu/~sergior/tuto...-wireless.html
http://linux.grmbl.be/wlan/
http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Jean_Tourrilhes/Linux/
http://www.linux-wlan.org/
http://www.linux-wlan.org/docs/
http://www.fuw.edu.pl/~pliszka/hints/prism2.html (redhat)
http://trekweb.com/~jasonb/articles/...ireless2.shtml
http://www.mpinet.com/
http://www.wlana.com/
http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Jean_Tourrilhes/Linux/
http://www.intersil.com/prism/
http://www.absoval.com/writings/std-...hitepaper.html
http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/11/
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~jain/...lans/index.htm
http://sourceforge.net/projects/madwifi/
http://www.kismetwireless.net/download.shtml
http://www.lfriendly.com/wireless.html
http://packages.debian.org/cgi-bin/s...ll&release=all

----- other linux commands -----

ftp
http://samba.anu.edu.au/rsync/

rpm
http://www.mandrakeclub.com/modules.php?name=Mirrors
http://www.urpmi.org/
http://rpms.mandrakeclub.com/ (mandrake)
http://www.mandrakeclub.com/article....ode=nocomments (mandrake)

tty
http://linuxconsole.sourceforge.net/
http://www.linuxdevices.com/articles/AT5727959130.html

x11
http://www.x.org/

vi
http://www.newriders.com/books/opl/e...735710015.html
http://www.vim.org/
 
Old 08-13-2004, 08:45 PM   #9
Dark_Helmet
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Hehehe... that's quite an impressive list shengchieh

I apologize if it was listed, but I didn't see mention of the Rute Tutorial

Yes, books can become dated quickly, but so can web pages and HOWTOs. I've seen many, many HOWTOs that have copyrights in the late 80's or early 90's. Anyway, I'm also the type of person that like to have an offline, physical reference to thumb through. So I've bought a few books myself. Unfortunately, the books I've picked up are probably too heavy for someone just wanting to get a feel for the OS.

That said, I like these books:

Linux Administration Handbook
ISBN: 0-13-008466-2
It's got a green cover with some fairly cheesy, cartoonish figures, but don't let that stop you if you're really interested in learning things. This covers just about everything, and may not be good to start off with, but is a nice reference.

Any of the "Complete Reference" series or "Red Hat Bible" type of books will probably gloss over usage enough for you to get started. You might not be able to find one for Red Hat 7.3 though... at least, not on your local bookstore shelf. You might have to buy it online. Whenever I've looked at those books, I felt they glossed over the topics too quickly, but they are probably good for an introduction.

O'Reilly publishes a lot of books, and are fairly get-to-the-point types (no beating around the bush). They have a book for just about anything you can imagine. They have a book titled Running Linux which is ok... my copy is definitely outdated at this point. They also have command references in Linux in a Nutshell. The book describes a ton of commands, their options, and explanations of what those options do. It's kind of like a collection of printed man-pages, but with "plain english" explanations for the commands and options.

Take a look at the links above if they interest you; it never hurts to scan what's available online, and it definitely doesn't hurt your pocketbook. If you're like me though, and like to have a printed reference, snoop around your bookstore, read a few pages to get a feel for the author's style. You can quickly tell whether you'll be drowned in details or if it's what you're looking for.
 
Old 08-13-2004, 08:53 PM   #10
rsearing
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Registered: Aug 2004
Location: Kansas City
Posts: 30

Original Poster
Rep: Reputation: 15
WOW..thanks guys.

-Rob
 
  


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