I faced exactly the same problem as yours, and I dunno if this help cos I'm a linux noob myself, but I just solved how to do linux windows networking. First of all setup samba server on you linux machine, LQ have some HOWTO for it, then try to follow all the instructions, if it doesn't work, do 'ifconfig -a' and look for something like this:
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eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11

8:2F:C0:0D
inet addr:10.0.0.6 Bcast:10.255.255.255 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::211:d8ff:fe2f:c00d/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1918 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1977 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:523022 (510.7 KiB) TX bytes:293941 (287.0 KiB)
Interrupt:5 Base address:0xd800
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the line 'inet addr:10.0.0.6' shows your local ip number (i guess). It's just the same when you right click your lan connection on windows and click property to check its IP. Then try pinging this address from your windows (start->run) type cmd, then put command 'ping <ip address>. If it does give response, you did it. Just go to explorer, then go to address //10.0.0.6 (or whatever your ip address is), It will ask you for a username/password which you can set up through samba.