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On a bootable usb, the kernel and initrd files are in the /casper directory as opposed to an installed system where they are in the /boot directory. If your usb is seen as sda on boot running the following should show the kernel and initrd.
Code:
ls (hd0,1)/casper/
Is the usb using Grub to boot or syslinux/isolinux? Depends upon how you created the usb. The grub commands you posted initially should work if you have the correct device/partition/kernel/initrd names. I would suggest running the ls command if you are getting a grub prompt to see which drive/partition you might need. You haven't indicated if you have an internal drive, multiple internal/external drives...?
That command is to find the kernel on a bootable Ubuntu/Mint usb, so then, you aren't trying to use a bootable Mint usb but rather an installed system. In that case, try the following when you are at the grub prompt (grub>):
Code:
ls (hd0,gpt1)/boot/
If that doesn't produce the required results, replace the gpt1 with gpt2 and try again. If that fails, try gpt3 as we have no idea which partition your boot directory is on. Part of the problem is that it wasn't clear from your posts whether you were trying to access an installed system or a bootable usb of Mint.
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