What is best way to partition you hard drive?
 

what that is my qestion it is a 40 GB harddrive
all for linux

i am geuss i should have 5 partitions
root
swap
usr
opt
home

if you know a better way feel free to add to this

what's the purpose of the whole system? (server, workstation, home, etc...)
swap has to be on different partition, so you can't choose :-(, for a home computer, the rest can be on 1 partition (if your disk says good bye, then it doesn't matter).
For security reasons you may create a partition that has no exec privileges, and put all the data on it, but I don't see advantage on putting the /root and /usr on a different partition.

You might want to check out this guide

Desktop run progarm home use

I checked the guide mentioned by darin3200. It very good.