I updated the BIOS (see
https://www.asrock.com/MB/AMD/B550%2...index.asp#BIOS) from 1.20 to 1.90, hoping that this might fix the issue. Actually, after the update I longer get the error messages about IRQ, so that's at least nice. Still, the computer won't boot however.
I will try contacting ASRock, but seeing as my NVMe SSD isn't actually supported according to their list (
https://www.asrock.com/mb/AMD/B550%2...ex.asp#Storage) I suspect I will not be able to get much help. I'm considering buying an M.2 NVMe to USB adapter in order to further examine the SSD, and possiby rescue some files which I had not backed up. I will probably also buy a supported NVMe SSD for my motherboard and see if that will work.
Unfortunately, I don't have so much time to try the above things right now, but I will make an update at some later stage. Hence I leave the thread as unsolved for now. Thanks for all the help so far!