useradd,wall,shutdown,inetd,xinetd
 

Hi ....
Actually i've a bunch of questions i saw then in an exam and i'm frustrated with...

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tcpdchk
checks the syntax of /etc/hosts.allow , deny ...??

is it still existed when using xinetd ...?..
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ftpconversions
is this file still existed ..?...is it related with vsftpd...

which daemon it is for ..?
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How to take a service out from being under xinetd and make it stand alone ?
whats required to convert from inetd to xinetd ?...xinetd 'll convert the configuration files to the new syntax...or i've to creat xinetd.conf myself??

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Is there any limitation of username characters..?....
6 , 8 , 12 or 18
the answer was 8...
but it worked normal with 19 character ...
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Is kmod a valid command and could be used to load modules in kernel 2.4.x ?

i didn't here about it before....
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You wish to notify all users that you have to take down a service on which
they rely ...
what command 'll allow you to send a message to all currently logged on users ? <just the command>


the answer was shutdown ....why not wall ..........??? and they'll know it's from the root also ...


:scratch:

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Sorry I know that they looks silly questions but necessary to me ...

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I'll take on a few of these....

Was this exam assuming a certain situation?!?

Take removing something from xinet.d and making it standalone for instance.... The procedure is hardly always the same. Some server programs have built in support to run daemonized and handle everything themselves. Some don't have that kind of support. For instance, it is quite easy to move proftpd from xinet.d to standalone. The same can't be said for qmail-smtpd which requires some other tools if you are running it outside of inet.d or xinet.d.

As far as the tcpdchk... I don't use it, and I don't believe xinet.d uses it either. I believe you set the allowed and denied hosts in the individual xinet.d config files but honestly I'm not terribly familiar with xinet.d since I never use it.

Username lengths typically do default to a max of 8 but this isn't a Linux restriction at all. In fact, the kernel uses UID numbers and GID numbers exclusively and they get translated to user names and group names via the /etc/passwd and /etc/group files. Max length is usually only enforced by the useradd program and can be changed by changing an environmental variable. We usually default it to 8 to be compatible with other unix systems which had a hard max at 8.

As far as I know kmod is a kernel system dealing with modules. insmod, modprobe, rmmod, and lsmod are the user space utilities.

As for the shutdown questions... I would have said wall as well.... I was under the impression that shutdown could only be used to notify and change the runlevel (aka reboot, shutdown, go to maintenance mode, ect) and couldn't be used to take down one service... but this functionality could exist and I have just never had a need for it.

Thanks
Your replay was informative of course...
this exam is was for LPI 117-102