Questions about ls output

hadyy · 12-25-2007, 01:57 AM

Hi there
please reword ? with an answer.
#ls –l *.*
-rw-r----- 1 root …
drw-r----- 1 root …
brw-r----- 1 root …
…
- = file
d= directory
d = ?

Nylex · 12-25-2007, 01:58 AM

What? I don't understand the question.

ghostdog74 · 12-25-2007, 02:04 AM

b = see this

Uncle_Theodore · 12-25-2007, 02:07 AM

You probably mean 'b', not 'd' in your question.
The first symbol in the permission string is
'-' for the regular file
'l' for a symbolic link
'd' for a directory
'b' for a block device
'c' for a character device
'p' for a named pipe (fifo)

Did I forget something?

ghostdog74 · 12-25-2007, 02:18 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Uncle_Theodore

Did I forget something?

you provided almost all the answers to his questions.
There are also sockets ...

Mega Man X · 12-25-2007, 03:28 AM

You might want to read this:

http://www.linuxquestions.org/questi...3/#post1878581

If you have any doubts, please let me know. I hope this helps.

Regards!

P.S: I did not mention what "b" stands for in that old thread, but it means "block device".

colucix · 12-25-2007, 03:50 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by hadyy

b= ?

b means a "block device", that is special file which usually let the kernel to access hardware. You will find a lot of them in /dev

Code:

$ ls -l /dev/hd* /dev/sd*
brw-rw----  1 root disk 3,  0 18 dic 16:11 /dev/hda
brw-rw----  1 root disk 8,  0 18 dic 16:11 /dev/sda
brw-rw----  1 root disk 8,  1 18 dic 16:11 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----  1 root disk 8,  2 18 dic 16:11 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----  1 root disk 8, 16 18 dic 16:11 /dev/sdb
brw-rw----  1 root disk 8, 17 18 dic 16:11 /dev/sdb1

together with "character devices" flagged by the letter "c"

Code:

$ ls -l /dev/tty0 /dev/tty1
crw-rw----  1 root root 4, 0 18 dic 16:11 /dev/tty0
crw-------  1 root root 4, 1 18 dic 15:13 /dev/tty1

hadyy · 12-25-2007, 03:51 AM

Hi
That's OK.
"Block device" is correct.
because my 'ls' example was:
#ls -l /dev/ram0
Os replied me:
brw-r----- 1 root disk 1, 0 2007-11-20 15:22 /dev/ram0
BUT
I don't understand this:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2007-11-20 20:22 /dev/ramdisk -> ram0

l=?

thank you Mr

colucix · 12-25-2007, 04:08 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by hadyy

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2007-11-20 20:22 /dev/ramdisk -> ram0

"l" means "symbolic link": /dev/ramdisk is not a file itself but a kind of pointer to another file, ram0. I suggest to read some basic linux intro about the argument: you can find plenty of them on the Linux Documentation Project, for example http://www.tldp.org/LDP/intro-linux/...tml#sect_03_01 about this specific argument.

trickykid · 12-26-2007, 08:01 AM

Please do not double post questions. I've merged your two threads into one thread to keep all the answers and replies in one place.