Distro hopping wihout hard drive or - Hitchhiker's guide to the galaxy - for Linux user.
Linux - GeneralThis Linux forum is for general Linux questions and discussion.
If it is Linux Related and doesn't seem to fit in any other forum then this is the place.
Notices
Welcome to LinuxQuestions.org, a friendly and active Linux Community.
You are currently viewing LQ as a guest. By joining our community you will have the ability to post topics, receive our newsletter, use the advanced search, subscribe to threads and access many other special features. Registration is quick, simple and absolutely free. Join our community today!
Note that registered members see fewer ads, and ContentLink is completely disabled once you log in.
If you have any problems with the registration process or your account login, please contact us. If you need to reset your password, click here.
Having a problem logging in? Please visit this page to clear all LQ-related cookies.
Get a virtual cloud desktop with the Linux distro that you want in less than five minutes with Shells! With over 10 pre-installed distros to choose from, the worry-free installation life is here! Whether you are a digital nomad or just looking for flexibility, Shells can put your Linux machine on the device that you want to use.
Exclusive for LQ members, get up to 45% off per month. Click here for more info.
Distro hopping wihout hard drive or - Hitchhiker's guide to the galaxy - for Linux user.
We all know how to hop. This is little different. You need one working live system with web browser, and these commands: wget or curl, dd - the basic, optionally: tee, zcat, xzcat, bzcat, md5sum, sha256sum. And of course second usb pendrive. Live medium for distribution is usually provided in form of hybrid iso image file - which means it can be burned directly into DVD or dd'ed into usb pendrive. Without hard drive there is no room to keep downloaded image. This is resolved with direct dd of image from website say http://remote.org/linux.iso (don't click it - the web does not exists)
here 'wget -O -' means download to stdout, by the way it is default for curl. One more issue I witnessed was check sum verification. Here is my solution
but there is better solution https://www.linuxquestions.org/quest...ml#post6245276 My simple solution works - md5sum is being counted on a fly. It happens images are compressed. This is where we need one zcat, xzcat, bzcat. For gzipped compressed image we need to add one more pipe
and put tee /tmp/csum in corresponding place - depending on which checksum for linux.iso,gz or linux.iso we want to calculate. Now story behind. My hadrware configuration are two 8 GB pendrives and one 2 GB pendrive. My basic live system is liveslak. I tried MX Linux, Knoppix 9.1, Knoppix 8.6.1, Liveslak - two different versions, Porteous, last but not least NomadBSD - live system on FreeBSD. At the end: happy hopping - don't brake your neck.
Speed is limited by two factors: internet bandwidth and speed of access to usb pendrive. The point is not about speed however. But about lack of storage where you can put downloaded iso. This is why to pipe output of download command to dd directly. Sorry for accidental use of your registered domain - sure I will change it.
Edit: Saving on hard drive wget reports 700 kb/s - and when piping to dd - wget also reports 700 kb/s. There is no gain in time here. wget when working in background creates wget-log file - there you can watch download speed
Code:
$ tail -f wget-log
Perhaps if for you download speed is above 1MB/s - you should try larger values bs=2M or even bs=4M.
Pen drives are not really intended to be used for this purpose. They are fast on reads but slow on writes. However, USB-connected external hard drives can be had at any office-supply store (2TB or so) for about $80 USD. If your computer has a USB-C interface (or the old FireWire), they're very fast. They typically draw all their power from the interface (no external "bricks" to plug into the wall), and are not much bigger than a pack of playing cards. Simply reformat and re-partition them with the filesystem(s) of your choice.
Easily, the best thing to do is to use VirtualBox, the "absolutely-free virtual machine monitor that runs on everything." Format the external drive with a Linux filesystem, then use VirtualBox to create "virtual disks" for each guest that you want to run on that filesystem. Now, you can thoroughly evaluate any "distro" at your leisure.
LinuxQuestions.org is looking for people interested in writing
Editorials, Articles, Reviews, and more. If you'd like to contribute
content, let us know.