you could use the items in /usr/share/applications just drag & drop them on to your desktop...
or...
create your own shortcuts and save them in a directory in your home folder...
most all application entrys for both gnome & kde use the same basic type of text files that have simple instructions like this:
Code:
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=firefox
Name=Firefox
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/firefox.png
Categories=Network
other than those six lines theses files usually have a lot of translation entries for other languages and a few other things, but this example is the basics that make up items that goes in to menus & desktop icons...