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LFS 7.1 on Ubuntu 12.04

Posted 07-21-2012 at 11:33 AM by druuna
Updated 01-31-2014 at 03:23 AM by druuna (Updated to current situation.)

I noticed that a lot of people try to build LFS using Ubuntu as host and are struggling, this article describes how to make Ubuntu compliant, create the partition and lfs user and set up the toolchain (basically chapters 1 to 5.9).

Warning: The latest stable LFS version is not 7.1.
The information below can be used as a reference for newer LFS versions. Do keep in mind that steps/actions are probably (slightly?) different in newer versions!


# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# General information
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #


Steps below are done on a freshly installed ubuntu 12.04 running in a virtual machine. LFS 7.1 stable version is being installed.

Code:
druuna@ubuntu-vm:~$ uname -a
Linux ubuntu-vm 3.2.0-23-generic #36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 20:39:51 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Partition layout:
/dev/sda1 -> swap
/dev/sda2 -> /
/dev/sda3 -> empty partition dedicated for LFS

Code:
sudo  fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes
.
.
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1            2048     6047743     3022848   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2   *     6047744    22048767     8000512   83  Linux
/dev/sda3        22048768    33552383     5751808   83  Linux
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Preparing Ubuntu
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #

1 - Enable full root access:

Open a terminal
Code:
druuna@ubuntu-vm:~$ sudo passwd root
[sudo] password for druuna:
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
2 - Check root access:
Code:
druuna@ubuntu-vm:~$ su -
Password:
root@ubuntu-vm:~#
Stay logged in as root!

3 - Host System Requirements: Ubuntu is not compliant out of the box, copy-paste the script and run it:
Code:
root@ubuntu-vm:~# bash version-check.sh
bash, version 4.2.24(1)-release
/bin/sh -> /bin/dash
Binutils: (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.22
version-check.sh: line 8: bison: command not found
yacc not found
bzip2,  Version 1.0.6, 6-Sept-2010.
Coreutils:  8.13
diff (GNU diffutils) 3.2
find (GNU findutils) 4.4.2
version-check.sh: line 17: gawk: command not found
/usr/bin/awk -> /usr/bin/mawk
gcc (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) 4.6.3
(Ubuntu EGLIBC 2.15-0ubuntu10) 2.15
grep (GNU grep) 2.10
gzip 1.4
Linux version 3.2.0-23-generic (buildd@crested) (gcc version 4.6.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu4) ) #36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 20:39:51 UTC 2012
version-check.sh: line 27: m4: command not found
GNU Make 3.81
version-check.sh: line 29: patch: command not found
Perl version='5.14.2';
GNU sed version 4.2.1
tar (GNU tar) 1.26
version-check.sh: line 33: makeinfo: command not found
Texinfo:
xz (XZ Utils) 5.1.0alpha
gcc compilation OK
As shown in the above output the following needs attention:

/bin/sh -> /bin/dash
Code:
root@ubuntu-vm:~# rm /bin/sh
root@ubuntu-vm:~# ln -s /bin/bash /bin/sh
version-check.sh: line 8: bison: command not found
yacc not found
version-check.sh: line 27: m4: command not found
Code:
root@ubuntu-vm:~# apt-get install bison
version-check.sh: line 17: gawk: command not found
/usr/bin/awk -> /usr/bin/mawk
Code:
root@ubuntu-vm:~# apt-get install gawk
version-check.sh: line 29: patch: command not found
Code:
root@ubuntu-vm:~# apt-get install patch
version-check.sh: line 33: makeinfo: command not found
Texinfo:
Code:
root@ubuntu-vm:~# apt-get install texinfo
- The kernel used by Ubuntu is newer then mentioned in the LFS book, this isn't a problem,
- EGLIBC isn't a problem either.

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# LFS - First steps
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #

Reminder: These steps are done as root.

- 2.3. Creating a File System on the Partition
Code:
mke2fs -jv /dev/sda3
no swap, use the swap space already present for Ubuntu (/dev/sda1)

- 2.4. Mounting the New Partition
Code:
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount -v -t ext3 /dev/sda3 $LFS
(a new window might be opened by Ubuntu after the mount command, close it)

no need to activate swap

- 3.1. Introduction / packages and patches

Code:
mkdir -v $LFS/sources
chmod -v a+wt $LFS/sources
wget http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/downloads/7.1/wget-list
wget -i wget-list -P $LFS/sources

pushd  $LFS/sources
wget http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/downloads/7.1/md5sums
md5sum -c md5sums
popd
If the md5sum command spits out errors about missing file(s); Check the LFS book for alternative download locations or check here ftp://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/

man-pages-3.35.tar.gz and zlib-1.2.6.tar.bz2 where mentioned as missing when I ran the above commands:

Code:
pushd  $LFS/sources
wget ftp://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/7.1/man-pages-3.35.tar.gz
wget ftp://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/7.1/zlib-1.2.6.tar.bz2
popd
All packages and patches are now downloaded and placed in $LFS/sources.

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# The lfs user
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #

- 4.1. About $LFS
Code:
echo $LFS
export LFS=/mnt/lfs

mkdir -v $LFS/tools
ln -sv $LFS/tools /
- 4.3. Adding the LFS User
Code:
groupadd lfs
useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs

passwd lfs

chown -v lfs $LFS/tools
From now on you work as user lfs!
Code:
su - lfs
- 4.4. Setting Up the Environment
Code:
cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
EOF

cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
set +h
umask 022
LFS=/mnt/lfs
LC_ALL=POSIX
LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu
PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
export LFS LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH
EOF

source ~/.bash_profile
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# LFS - Building the toolchain
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #

- Chapter 5. Constructing a Temporary System

Do not use the make -j x flag when building: binutils, gcc and glibc!

Safe yourself the time and do not run the checks/tests in chapter 5 (read 4.6. About the Test Suites).

- 5.4. Binutils-2.22 - Pass 1
Code:
cd $LFS/sources
tar xf binutils-2.22.tar.bz2
cd binutils-2.22

mkdir -v ../binutils-build
cd ../binutils-build

../binutils-2.22/configure \
    --target=$LFS_TGT --prefix=/tools \
    --disable-nls --disable-werror

make

case $(uname -m) in
  x86_64) mkdir -v /tools/lib && ln -sv lib /tools/lib64 ;;
esac

make install

cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf binutils-build binutils-2.22
- 5.5. GCC-4.6.2 - Pass 1
Code:
cd $LFS/sources
tar xf gcc-4.6.2.tar.bz2
cd gcc-4.6.2

tar -jxf ../mpfr-3.1.0.tar.bz2
mv -v mpfr-3.1.0 mpfr
tar -Jxf ../gmp-5.0.4.tar.xz
mv -v gmp-5.0.4 gmp
tar -zxf ../mpc-0.9.tar.gz
mv -v mpc-0.9 mpc

patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-4.6.2-cross_compile-1.patch

mkdir -v ../gcc-build
cd ../gcc-build

../gcc-4.6.2/configure \
    --target=$LFS_TGT --prefix=/tools \
    --disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-multilib \
    --disable-decimal-float --disable-threads \
    --disable-libmudflap --disable-libssp \
    --disable-libgomp --disable-libquadmath \
    --disable-target-libiberty --disable-target-zlib \
    --enable-languages=c --without-ppl --without-cloog \
    --with-mpfr-include=$(pwd)/../gcc-4.6.2/mpfr/src \
    --with-mpfr-lib=$(pwd)/mpfr/src/.libs

make
make install

ln -vs libgcc.a `$LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name | sed 's/libgcc/&_eh/'`

cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf gcc-build gcc-4.6.2
- 5.6. Linux-3.2.6 API Headers
Code:
cd $LFS/sources
tar xf linux-3.2.6.tar.xz
cd linux-3.2.6

make mrproper
make headers_check
make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install
cp -rv dest/include/* /tools/include

cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf linux-3.2.6
- 5.7. Glibc-2.14.1
Code:
cd $LFS/sources
tar xf glibc-2.14.1.tar.bz2
cd glibc-2.14.1

patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-2.14.1-gcc_fix-1.patch
patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-2.14.1-cpuid-1.patch

mkdir -v ../glibc-build
cd ../glibc-build

case `uname -m` in
  i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native" > configparms ;;
esac

../glibc-2.14.1/configure --prefix=/tools \
    --host=$LFS_TGT --build=$(../glibc-2.14.1/scripts/config.guess) \
    --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
    --enable-kernel=2.6.25 --with-headers=/tools/include \
    libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes libc_cv_c_cleanup=yes

make
make install

cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf glibc-build glibc-2.14.1
- 5.8. Adjusting the Toolchain
Code:
SPECS=`dirname $($LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs
$LFS_TGT-gcc -dumpspecs | sed \
  -e 's@/lib\(64\)\?/ld@/tools&@g' \
  -e "/^\*cpp:$/{n;s,$, -isystem /tools/include,}" > $SPECS
echo "New specs file is: $SPECS"
unset SPECS

echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
$LFS_TGT-gcc -B/tools/lib dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'

output should read:
for 32 bit: [Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]
for 64 bit: [Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]

rm -v dummy.c a.out
- 5.9. Binutils-2.22 - Pass 2
Code:
Make sure you removed the previsious build:
cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf binutils-build binutils-2.22

tar xf binutils-2.22.tar.bz2
cd binutils-2.22

mkdir -v ../binutils-build
cd ../binutils-build

CC="$LFS_TGT-gcc -B/tools/lib/" \
   AR=$LFS_TGT-ar RANLIB=$LFS_TGT-ranlib \
   ../binutils-2.22/configure --prefix=/tools \
   --disable-nls --with-lib-path=/tools/lib

make
make install

make -C ld clean
make -C ld LIB_PATH=/usr/lib:/lib
cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin

cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf binutils-build binutils-2.22
- 5.10. GCC-4.6.2 - Pass 2
Code:
Make sure you removed the previsious build:
cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf gcc-build gcc-4.6.2

tar xf gcc-4.6.2.tar.bz2
cd gcc-4.6.2

patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-4.6.2-startfiles_fix-1.patch

cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.orig}
sed 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in.orig > gcc/Makefile.in

cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.tmp}
sed 's/^T_CFLAGS =$/& -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in.tmp > gcc/Makefile.in

for file in $(find gcc/config -name linux64.h -o -name linux.h -o -name sysv4.h)
do
  cp -uv $file{,.orig}
  sed -e 's@/lib\(64\)\?\(32\)\?/ld@/tools&@g'  -e 's@/usr@/tools@g' $file.orig > $file
  echo '
#undef STANDARD_INCLUDE_DIR
#define STANDARD_INCLUDE_DIR 0
#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1 ""
#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2 ""' >> $file
  touch $file.orig
done

case $(uname -m) in
  x86_64)
    for file in $(find gcc/config -name t-linux64) ; do \
      cp -v $file{,.orig}
      sed '/MULTILIB_OSDIRNAMES/d' $file.orig > $file
    done
  ;;
esac

tar -jxf ../mpfr-3.1.0.tar.bz2
mv -v mpfr-3.1.0 mpfr
tar -Jxf ../gmp-5.0.4.tar.xz
mv -v gmp-5.0.4 gmp
tar -zxf ../mpc-0.9.tar.gz
mv -v mpc-0.9 mpc

mkdir -v ../gcc-build
cd ../gcc-build

CC="$LFS_TGT-gcc -B/tools/lib/" \
    AR=$LFS_TGT-ar RANLIB=$LFS_TGT-ranlib \
    ../gcc-4.6.2/configure --prefix=/tools \
    --with-local-prefix=/tools --enable-clocale=gnu \
    --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
    --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-languages=c,c++ \
    --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-multilib \
    --disable-bootstrap --disable-libgomp \
    --without-ppl --without-cloog \
    --with-mpfr-include=$(pwd)/../gcc-4.6.2/mpfr/src \
    --with-mpfr-lib=$(pwd)/mpfr/src/.libs

make
make install

ln -vs gcc /tools/bin/cc

echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
cc dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'

output should read:
for 32 bit: [Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]
for 64 bit: [Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]

rm -v dummy.c a.out

cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf gcc-build gcc-4.6.2
The hard part is now done, follow the rest of the LFS book to finish building an LFS system.
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