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Uhm.. this is not called expanding I believe. Expanding is when file* becomes file1 file2 file34 etc. IMHO.
As for your problem, Y get the value of $X when you say it has to get it, i.e. Y=$X gives the value of $X to Y, and no matter what happens to X afterwards, Y won't change. It is one of the fundamentals of programming in this type of languages.
In an ordinary programming language you would create a function getY or so which would look at $X at the moment of calling. But Bash doesn't provide function return values, at least not easily.
The only thing you can do is NOT using Y, but always ${X}/tmp when you need this string. You can beautify your program a bit more to define /tmp just once Z="/tmp", so if you have to change this value you'd only have to do it in one place. You reference would become: ${X}/${Z} wherever you use $Y now.
jlinkels
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