For the margins command you still need the colons : even if no argument is given. So
--margins=4:::
will change the left margin to 4 points, leaving others at default. Works for me.
I think duplex printing depends entirely on the capabilities of the printer and the settings in the printer driver. Enscript knows nothing about this. It just assembles the pages in the order you specify.
You can always print to file (-p file.ps) and look at the output with ghostscript to save toner if you are experimenting.
Don't know what you can do about non ASCII characters if the -X option does not work. The HOWTO
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Unicode-HOWTO-5.html
has some alternatives to enscript.