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SantiagoTrye 05-20-2011 01:02 PM

What's inside my machine?
 
My wife and I recently got an iMac PowerPC running Linux Debian from a friend of hers at work. I have no experience with Linux and very little with Macs. I'd like to know how to find out how much memory (hard drive and RAM) I have on it. I know it's been upgraded, but I don't know how much. My wifes friend doesn't remember exactly because she's upgraded a couple of them since this one. Any help would be appreciated.

corp769 05-20-2011 01:11 PM

Hello,

You can use the free command to find out how much RAM your system has, along with how much is used, and how much is free. Read the man page for exact details and arguments using "man free."

An example would be as follows:
Code:

free -m
That will give the output in megabytes. For gigabytes, use -g instead.

Cheers,

Josh

corp769 05-20-2011 01:12 PM

Sorry, forgot about hard drive space :P

Just use the following command for hard drive space:
Code:

df -h
Cheers,

Josh

Hevithan 05-20-2011 01:16 PM

You want to learn and use the LS command in the terminal. It will tell you all your directories and hardware.

So open your terminal and type in LSHW, it will look like this:

Code:

name@computer:$ lshw
What you get in return will look like this ):

Code:

lifebook                 
    description: Notebook
    product: LifeBook S6240
    vendor: FUJITSU
    serial: R6503648
    width: 32 bits
    capabilities: smbios-2.3 dmi-2.3

  *-core
      description: Motherboard
      product: FJNB1AA
      vendor: FUJITSU
      physical id: 0
      slot: Mouse
    *-firmware
          description: BIOS
          vendor: FUJITSU // Phoenix Technologies Ltd.
          physical id: 0
          version: Version 1.09 (01/18/2006)
          size: 128KiB
          capacity: 960KiB
          capabilities: pci pcmcia pnp upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppy720 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification netboot
   
 *-cpu
          description: CPU
          product: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.73GHz
          vendor: Intel Corp.
          physical id: 4
          bus info: cpu@0
          version: 6.13.8
          slot: Onboard
          size: 1733MHz
          capacity: 1733MHz
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 533MHz
          capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe nx up bts est tm2 cpufreq
       
*-cache:0
            description: L1 cache
            physical id: 8
            slot: L1 Cache
            size: 64KiB
            capacity: 64KiB
            capabilities: internal write-back
        *-cache:1
            description: L2 cache
            physical id: 9
            slot: L2 Cache
            size: 2MiB
            capacity: 2MiB
            capabilities: pipeline-burst synchronous internal write-back unified
    *-memory
          description: System Memory
          physical id: 21
          slot: System board or motherboard
          size: 512MiB
          capacity: 2GiB
        *-bank:0
            description: SODIMM DDR Synchronous 266 MHz (3.8 ns)
            physical id: 0
            slot: DDRII 1
            size: 256MiB
            width: 64 bits
            clock: 266MHz (3.8ns)
        *-bank:1
            description: SODIMM DDR Synchronous 266 MHz (3.8 ns)
            physical id: 1
            slot: DDRII 2
            size: 256MiB
            width: 64 bits
            clock: 266MHz (3.8ns)
    *-pci
          description: Host bridge
          product: Mobile 915GM/PM/GMS/910GML Express Processor to DRAM Controller
          vendor: Intel Corporation
          physical id: 100
          bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
          version: 04
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
          configuration: driver=agpgart-intel module=intel_agp
        *-display:0 UNCLAIMED
            description: VGA compatible controller
            product: Mobile 915GM/GMS/910GML Express Graphics Controller
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 2
            bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list
            configuration: latency=0
        *-display:1 UNCLAIMED
            description: Display controller
            product: Mobile 915GM/GMS/910GML Express Graphics Controller
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 2.1
            bus info: pci@0000:00:02.1
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: pm cap_list
            configuration: latency=0
        *-multimedia
            description: Audio device
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) High Definition Audio Controller
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1b
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0
            version: 04
            width: 64 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
            configuration: driver=HDA Intel latency=0 module=snd_hda_intel
        *-pci:0
            description: PCI bridge
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) PCI Express Port 1
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1c
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
            configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
          *-network
                description: Ethernet interface
                product: NetXtreme BCM5751M Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express
                vendor: Broadcom Corporation
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
                logical name: eth0
                version: 21
                serial: 00:17:42:08:b9:fb
                capacity: 1GB/s
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
                configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.94 firmware=5751m-v3.47a latency=0 link=no module=tg3 multicast=yes port=twisted pair
        *-pci:1
            description: PCI bridge
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) PCI Express Port 2
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1c.1
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
            configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
        *-usb:0
            description: USB Controller
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) USB UHCI #1
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1d
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: uhci bus_master
            configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
          *-usbhost
                product: UHCI Host Controller
                vendor: Linux 2.6.28.5-1-i686-dream uhci_hcd
                physical id: 1
                bus info: usb@2
                logical name: usb2
                version: 2.06
                capabilities: usb-1.10
                configuration: driver=hub slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
        *-usb:1
            description: USB Controller
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) USB UHCI #2
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1d.1
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.1
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: uhci bus_master
            configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
          *-usbhost
                product: UHCI Host Controller
                vendor: Linux 2.6.28.5-1-i686-dream uhci_hcd
                physical id: 1
                bus info: usb@3
                logical name: usb3
                version: 2.06
                capabilities: usb-1.10
                configuration: driver=hub slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
        *-usb:2
            description: USB Controller
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) USB UHCI #3
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1d.2
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.2
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: uhci bus_master
            configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
          *-usbhost
                product: UHCI Host Controller
                vendor: Linux 2.6.28.5-1-i686-dream uhci_hcd
                physical id: 1
                bus info: usb@4
                logical name: usb4
                version: 2.06
                capabilities: usb-1.10
                configuration: driver=hub slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
        *-usb:3
            description: USB Controller
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) USB UHCI #4
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1d.3
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.3
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: uhci bus_master
            configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
          *-usbhost
                product: UHCI Host Controller
                vendor: Linux 2.6.28.5-1-i686-dream uhci_hcd
                physical id: 1
                bus info: usb@5
                logical name: usb5
                version: 2.06
                capabilities: usb-1.10
                configuration: driver=hub slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
        *-usb:4
            description: USB Controller
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1d.7
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.7
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list
            configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 module=ehci_hcd
          *-usbhost
                product: EHCI Host Controller
                vendor: Linux 2.6.28.5-1-i686-dream ehci_hcd
                physical id: 1
                bus info: usb@1
                logical name: usb1
                version: 2.06
                capabilities: usb-2.00
                configuration: driver=hub slots=8 speed=480.0MB/s
        *-pci:2
            description: PCI bridge
            product: 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1e
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1e.0
            version: d4
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: pci subtractive_decode bus_master cap_list
          *-pcmcia
                description: CardBus bridge
                product: OZ711MP1/MS1 MemoryCardBus Controller
                vendor: O2 Micro, Inc.
                physical id: 3
                bus info: pci@0000:06:03.0
                version: 20
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pcmcia bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=yenta_cardbus latency=176 maxlatency=5 mingnt=192 module=yenta_socket
          *-system
                description: SD Host controller
                product: Integrated MMC/SD Controller
                vendor: O2 Micro, Inc.
                physical id: 3.2
                bus info: pci@0000:06:03.2
                version: 00
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm cap_list
                configuration: driver=sdhci-pci latency=32 module=sdhci_pci
          *-bridge UNCLAIMED
                description: Bridge
                product: Integrated MS/xD Controller
                vendor: O2 Micro, Inc.
                physical id: 3.3
                bus info: pci@0000:06:03.3
                version: 00
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: bridge pm cap_list
                configuration: latency=32
          *-network
                description: Wireless interface
                product: PRO/Wireless 2915ABG [Calexico2] Network Connection
                vendor: Intel Corporation
                physical id: 5
                bus info: pci@0000:06:05.0
                logical name: eth1
                version: 05
                serial: 00:13:ce:c9:06:c1
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
                configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ipw2200 driverversion=1.2.2kmprq firmware=ABG:9.0.2.6 (Mar 22 2005) ip=192.168.1.3 latency=32 link=yes maxlatency=24 mingnt=3 module=ipw2200 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11g
          *-firewire
                description: FireWire (IEEE 1394)
                product: TSB43AB21 IEEE-1394a-2000 Controller (PHY/Link)
                vendor: Texas Instruments
                physical id: 6
                bus info: pci@0000:06:06.0
                version: 00
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm ohci bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=ohci1394 latency=32 maxlatency=4 mingnt=2 module=ohci1394
        *-isa
            description: ISA bridge
            product: 82801FBM (ICH6M) LPC Interface Bridge
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1f
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: isa bus_master
            configuration: latency=0
        *-ide:0
            description: IDE interface
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) IDE Controller
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1f.1
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.1
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            capabilities: ide bus_master
            configuration: driver=PIIX_IDE latency=0 module=piix
          *-ide
                description: IDE Channel 0
                physical id: 0
                bus info: ide@0
                logical name: ide0
                clock: 33MHz
              *-cdrom
                  description: DVD-RAM writer
                  product: MATSHITADVD-RAM UJ-841S
                  physical id: 0
                  bus info: ide@0.0
                  logical name: /dev/hda
                  version: 1.00
                  capabilities: packet atapi cdrom removable nonmagnetic dma lba iordy audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram
                  configuration: mode=udma2 status=nodisc
        *-ide:1
            description: IDE interface
            product: 82801FBM (ICH6M) SATA Controller
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1f.2
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
            logical name: scsi0
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 66MHz
            capabilities: ide pm bus_master cap_list emulated
            configuration: driver=ata_piix latency=0 module=ata_piix
          *-disk
                description: ATA Disk
                product: FUJITSU MHV2060A
                vendor: Fujitsu
                physical id: 0.0.0
                bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
                logical name: /dev/sda
                version: 0000
                serial: NS98T64275GP
                size: 55GiB (60GB)
                capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
                configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=0005ecaf
              *-volume
                  description: EXT3 volume
                  vendor: Linux
                  physical id: 1
                  bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1
                  logical name: /dev/sda1
                  logical name: /
                  version: 1.0
                  serial: 26b67d0e-dc9d-4040-ad26-b02131f2f85a
                  size: 55GiB
                  capacity: 55GiB
                  capabilities: primary journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files recover ext3 ext2 initialized
                  configuration: created=2011-05-04 16:22:37 filesystem=ext3 label=Dreamlinux-3.5 modified=2011-05-20 08:50:07 mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,errors=continue,data=ordered mounted=2011-05-20 08:50:07 state=mounted
        *-serial
            description: SMBus
            product: 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) SMBus Controller
            vendor: Intel Corporation
            physical id: 1f.3
            bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3
            version: 04
            width: 32 bits
            clock: 33MHz
            configuration: driver=i801_smbus latency=0 module=i2c_i801
  *-battery
      description: Lithium Ion Battery
      product: CP257390 / CP257391 / CP257395 / CP257396
      vendor: FUJITSU
      physical id: 1
      serial: 01
      slot: Internal Battery
      capacity: 56160mWh
      configuration: voltage=10.8V

There is also LSPCI which will tell you your drivers, and LS which will locate file directories ... Just search google for 'LS command linux' and it should pop up some tutorials. Hope this was useful.



EDIT: Also take a look at this link, It was my Wallpaper for the longest time and proved to be very helpful:
COMMANDS LIST IMAGE

MTK358 05-20-2011 04:21 PM

Here are some good tutorials:

http://rute.2038bug.com/

http://linuxcommand.org/

frankbell 05-20-2011 09:33 PM

Debian also has a "System Information" graphical tool. If you are using the default Gnome desktop, it is likely under System-->Administration on the menu.

It's based on the hardinfo program.

MrCode 05-20-2011 10:23 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by corp769
You can use the free command to find out how much RAM your system has, along with how much is used, and how much is free.

AFAIK free excludes certain reserved memory (e.g. for the kernel, etc.), so it doesn't give a 100% accurate picture of how much physical memory is actually installed in the machine. As an example, my laptop has 4 GiB of RAM, but free doesn't detect all of it:

Code:

[mrcode@lappy486 ~]$ free -m
            total      used      free    shared    buffers    cached
Mem:          3827        987      2840          0        34        445
-/+ buffers/cache:        506      3321
Swap:          258          0        258

…so I'd recommend for the OP to use something like lshw or hardinfo (as suggested above) for determining how much memory they have.

EDIT: Also, free's -g option rounds down to the nearest gigabyte (e.g. in the example above with 3827 MiB, free -g would round down to 3 GiB).

corp769 05-20-2011 10:26 PM

True... But most likely, in most cases, you want to know what memory is available of use to the user only, not all of it, unless you are a programmer, messing with the kernel, etc.

MTK358 05-21-2011 08:28 AM

This is also something the OP should read:

http://www.linuxatemyram.com/

TobiSGD 05-21-2011 09:52 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Hevithan (Post 4362155)
You want to learn and use the LS command in the terminal. It will tell you all your directories and hardware.

So open your terminal and type in LSHW, it will look like this:

Code:

name@computer:$ lshw
What you get in return will look like this ):


.....
.....
.....

There is also LSPCI which will tell you your drivers, and LS which will locate file directories ... Just search google for 'LS command linux' and it should pop up some tutorials. Hope this was useful.



EDIT: Also take a look at this link, It was my Wallpaper for the longest time and proved to be very helpful:
COMMANDS LIST IMAGE

Please keep in mind that Linux is case-sensitive. Giving a newbie commands in capital letters may be very confusing, since they just won't work typed in capital letters. If you want to emphasize words/commands in a post you can easily use the bold or italic option, or just use code-tags.

Also keep in mind that lshw, lspci and lsusb are (except for the name) not related to ls, they are separate commands that come in separate packages. In my Slackware standard installation lsusb comes with usbutils, lspci comes with pciutils and lshw isn't even installed. In Debian it was the same, lshw had to be installed, it was not part of the standard install.

MTK358 05-21-2011 11:01 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by TobiSGD (Post 4362888)
Please keep in mind that Linux is case-sensitive. Giving a newbie commands in capital letters may be very confusing, since they just won't work typed in capital letters.

I agree, they mean different things t othe computer depending on case. I don't capitalize them even if they're the first word in a sentence.

This reminds me of another thing that often bothers me, that's well explained here:

Quote:

Originally Posted by http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/writing-style.html
Hackers tend to use quotes as balanced delimiters like parentheses, much to the dismay of American editors. Thus, if “Jim is going” is a phrase, and so are “Bill runs” and “Spock groks”, then hackers generally prefer to write: “Jim is going”, “Bill runs”, and “Spock groks”. This is incorrect according to standard American usage (which would put the continuation commas and the final period inside the string quotes); however, it is counter-intuitive to hackers to mutilate literal strings with characters that don't belong in them. Given the sorts of examples that can come up in discussions of programming, American-style quoting can even be grossly misleading. When communicating command lines or small pieces of code, extra characters can be a real pain in the neck.

Consider, for example, a sentence in a vi tutorial that looks like this:

Then delete a line from the file by typing “dd”.

Standard usage would make this

Then delete a line from the file by typing “dd.”

but that would be very bad — because the reader would be prone to type the string d-d-dot, and it happens that in vi(1), dot repeats the last command accepted. The net result would be to delete two lines!


akuthia 05-21-2011 11:19 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by MTK358 (Post 4362938)
I agree, they mean different things t othe computer depending on case. I don't capitalize them even if they're the first word in a sentence.

This reminds me of another thing that often bothers me, that's well explained here:

While this is true grammatically, you also have to remember that these rules were written before the advent of computers and programming, for the most part, and that conventions are broken when directed to a particular trade, which programming definitely is.


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