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Before this partition, I had 6 partition of which /dev/sda6 was the boot partition. I deleted /dev/sda5 partition and hence the earleir /dev/sda6 became /dev/sda5. Now I created two new partitions /dev/sda6 and /dev/sda7.
Due to this change in device label of /dev/sda6 I am not able to boot my computer.
Is there any method to change the disk label of /dev/sda5 to /dev/sda6 ?????
The easiest solution is to boot a system from external media (CD, DVD, USB ...) and correct /etc/fstab. The installation CD should work or something like Knoppix.
Regards defending against this happening again, fstab can be modified to mount devices identified by UUID (nice for computers, inconvenient for people) or by label.
What do you see when you try to boot your computer? Do you see GRUB loading? If so, which stages does it say it is loading. Does GRUB give an error message?
What do you see when you try to boot your computer? Do you see GRUB loading? If so, which stages does it say it is loading. Does GRUB give an error message?
I netsearched for GRUB error 15 and got lots of information but it is complicated. Perhaps the simplest solution would be to create a dummy partition to put /dev/sda5 back in its original place as /dev/sda6. Don't use gparted for this -- it is "smart" about trying to preserve partition numbering. Use fdisk or cfdisk from a bootable Linux.
It sounds to me like grub is pointing to the wrong device.
Boot up liveCD of some form (*you should have some sort of install CD you used to setup your system?). Once you've booted this you can experiement by mounting each of your partitions in turn.
Code:
mkdir /test_boot
mount /dev/sda5 /test_boot
ls -la /test_boot
If that returns nothing then try mounting /dev/sda6 in the same way. Hopefully one of them will list your boot partition.
Once you've found your boot partition, edit your /boot/grub/grub.conf to point to the correct drive.( This will most likely be the partition you've just mounted, so sda5 or sda6 depending. )
Code:
nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf
In the grub.conf you'll need to check both the `root` and `kernel` options;
** Warning - In grub.conf the drive will not be listed as "sda6" it'll most likely be listed as `(hd0,5)` which would be pointing to sda6 (First drive, 6th partition - counts from 0);
You may want to just copy the whole grub.conf to somewhere safe before editing it, incase you make things worse.
Using the help given here and on google... I followed the following steps
Boot in using live cd and executed following commands
Code:
sudo mkdir /mnt/root
sudo mount -t ext3 /dev/sda6 /mnt/root
sudo mount -t proc none /mnt/root/proc
sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/root/dev
sudo chroot /mnt/root /bin/bash
sudo update-grub
Than I copied all the grub files from /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc to the grub folder on mounted partition..
I made entries in menu.lst file.
This all worked successfully and now on booting I can see the menu.lst file with all the kernels. I can boot windows well.
When I boot ubuntu now the new problem creeps in...
It show a number of errors and finally says
Code:
/dev/disk/by-uuid/<uuid of the root partition> does not exist
Than it throws me to a busy box shell with initramfs prompt..
My menu.lst file looks like follow....
Code:
# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)
# grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
# grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
# and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.
## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default 0
## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout 8
## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
#hiddenmenu
# Pretty colours
#color cyan/blue white/blue
## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
# password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret
#
# examples
title Linux
root (hd0,5)
kernel /vmlinuz root=UUID=8e23f395-c033-4245-b5a4-8638437496aa ro quiet splash
initrd /initrd.img.2.6.28
quiet
title Windows 95/98/NT/2000
root (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1
#
# Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST
### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below
## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs
## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=(hd0,0)
## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
## alternative=false
# alternative=true
## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
## lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false
## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash
## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options
## e.g. lockold=false
## lockold=true
# lockold=false
## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenhopt=
## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenkopt=console=tty0
## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
## altoptions=(recovery) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single
## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
## howmany=7
# howmany=all
## specify if running in Xen domU or have grub detect automatically
## update-grub will ignore non-xen kernels when running in domU and vice versa
## e.g. indomU=detect
## indomU=true
## indomU=false
# indomU=detect
## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
## memtest86=false
# memtest86=true
## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false
## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options
## can be true or false
# savedefault=false
## ## End Default Options ##
### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
You've better learn to give (much) better descriptions if you want help.From a liveCD go to sf.net and get bootinfoscript and run it.
Post the RESULTS.txt you get as output
Result.txt file as follow
Code:
Boot Info Script 0.55 dated February 15th, 2010
============================= Boot Info Summary: ==============================
=> Grub 0.97 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks on the same drive
in partition #6 for /grub/stage2 and /grub/menu.lst.
sda1: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows XP
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows XP
Boot files/dirs: /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM
sda2: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: Extended Partition
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda5: _________________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed:
mount: unknown filesystem type ''
sda6: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext3
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System:
Boot files/dirs: /grub/menu.lst
sda3: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext3
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 9.04
Boot files/dirs: /etc/fstab
sda4: _________________________________________________________________________
File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
=========================== Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda ___________________ _____________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00ff00ff
Partition Boot Start End Size Id System
/dev/sda1 * 63 167,766,794 167,766,732 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 230,275,710 312,560,639 82,284,930 f W95 Ext d (LBA)
/dev/sda5 230,275,773 293,202,314 62,926,542 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda6 * 293,202,378 312,560,639 19,358,262 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 167,766,795 222,484,184 54,717,390 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 222,484,185 230,275,709 7,791,525 82 Linux swap / Solaris
blkid -c /dev/null: ____________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/loop0 squashfs
/dev/sda1 D29C07B49C079261 ntfs
/dev/sda3 8e23f395-c033-4245-b5a4-8638437496aa ext3
/dev/sda4 9b46a9e4-752e-4db8-84d4-89bd780b4193 swap
/dev/sda6 9773c5e7-f63b-4a2b-ad05-6fc7e4c8d34e ext3
============================ "mount | grep ^/dev output: ===========================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
rootfs / rootfs (rw)
/dev/sr0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime)
/dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime)
/dev/sda3 /media/disk ext3 (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=hal)
/dev/sda6 /media/disk-1 ext3 (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=hal)
================================ sda1/boot.ini: ================================
[boot loader]
timeout=15
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect
============================= sda6/grub/menu.lst: =============================
# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)
# grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
# grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
# and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.
## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default 0
## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout 8
## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
#hiddenmenu
# Pretty colours
#color cyan/blue white/blue
## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
# password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret
#
# examples
title Linux
root (hd0,5)
kernel /vmlinuz root=UUID=8e23f395-c033-4245-b5a4-8638437496aa ro quiet splash
initrd /initrd.img.2.6.28
quiet
title Windows 95/98/NT/2000
root (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1
#
# Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST
### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below
## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs
## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=(hd0,0)
## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
## alternative=false
# alternative=true
## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
## lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false
## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash
## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options
## e.g. lockold=false
## lockold=true
# lockold=false
## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenhopt=
## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenkopt=console=tty0
## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
## altoptions=(recovery) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single
## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
## howmany=7
# howmany=all
## specify if running in Xen domU or have grub detect automatically
## update-grub will ignore non-xen kernels when running in domU and vice versa
## e.g. indomU=detect
## indomU=true
## indomU=false
# indomU=detect
## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
## memtest86=false
# memtest86=true
## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false
## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options
## can be true or false
# savedefault=false
## ## End Default Options ##
### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
=================== sda6: Location of files loaded by Grub: ===================
155.9GB: grub/menu.lst
155.8GB: grub/stage2
150.1GB: initrd.img.2.6.28
150.1GB: vmlinuz
=============================== sda3/etc/fstab: ===============================
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'vol_id --uuid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
# / was on /dev/sda3 during installation
UUID=8e23f395-c033-4245-b5a4-8638437496aa / ext3 relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=9773c5e7-f63b-4a2b-ad05-6fc7e4c8d34e /boot ext3 relatime 0 2
# swap was on /dev/sda4 during installation
UUID=9b46a9e4-752e-4db8-84d4-89bd780b4193 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0/boot ext3 relatime 0 2
# swap was on /dev/sda4 during installation
UUID=9b46a9e4-752e-4db8-84d4-89bd780b4193 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
=========================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc =======================
Unknown BootLoader on sda5
00000000 9f 28 d4 27 2d d0 97 7f ec 8e 55 a9 68 fc d3 3f |.(.'-.....U.h..?|
00000010 3d bf 44 ff fb 92 00 ea 8f f2 ba 3b d8 83 0f 2a |=.D........;...*|
00000020 e0 57 67 7b 10 61 e5 5c 0c ad 1b 5c 0c 61 0b 81 |.Wg{.a.\...\.a..|
00000030 95 a3 6b 81 8c 21 70 e4 19 46 ff f5 aa df ff 55 |..k..!p..F.....U|
00000040 ab ad 86 81 c9 66 46 ed 09 c2 28 90 29 b6 99 27 |.....fF...(.)..'|
00000050 51 0b 70 cf 41 d1 4e 4d 4c e6 48 a5 3b 8c 34 25 |Q.p.A.NML.H.;.4%|
00000060 ab 58 83 32 a6 f1 25 49 10 d9 3d 1c 9c b5 98 04 |.X.2..%I..=.....|
00000070 cf 91 3e 54 06 8b 9a 79 ee e7 ca 12 23 95 24 38 |..>T...y....#.$8|
00000080 e1 72 25 48 8d d4 7a cf 94 6a 13 96 e8 4b bf f6 |.r%H..z..j...K..|
00000090 47 2a d4 b4 7e 69 9f 9e df d3 90 65 09 7f f5 aa |G*..~i.....e....|
000000a0 df ff 54 bf 17 a6 55 01 52 85 9e 1e 02 a5 07 b6 |..T...U.R.......|
000000b0 8b 15 ac bb a5 ae 6f 37 25 22 44 d4 7a 0e 58 17 |......o7%"D.z.X.|
000000c0 9f e3 56 58 3d 6c 70 ad 6b 78 b6 44 e0 5d 00 e1 |..VX=lp.kx.D.]..|
000000d0 7b 82 82 0a e6 1e 52 80 5e d6 4d 0b fe 0d e9 d4 |{.....R.^.M.....|
000000e0 55 1e 20 ea e4 97 fa 6a 6a 95 af 20 1c 97 b2 bb |U. ....jj.. ....|
000000f0 05 35 06 d9 af f0 ab d4 6d da 3f ab 4f ff aa be |.5......m.?.O...|
00000100 2f 4c 69 e2 a5 0a 54 35 85 4e 0f 9c 88 95 ac b5 |/Li...T5.N......|
00000110 d0 51 9a 06 70 48 f4 23 d1 e8 39 3d 5b ff 8d 59 |.Q..pH.#..9=[..Y|
00000120 5a f3 58 e1 5a d6 36 5a a2 24 0a e8 03 85 ee 0a |Z.X.Z.6Z.$......|
00000130 08 2b 91 87 ca 50 00 ed 64 d0 bd 46 0d e9 d4 3d |.+...P..d..F...=|
00000140 47 88 3a b9 10 5e ba 6a 6a 93 47 6c 40 39 2f 65 |G.:..^.jj.Gl@9/e|
00000150 76 0a 6a 0d b3 5f e1 57 96 36 63 42 ff 56 9f ff |v.j.._.W.6cB.V..|
00000160 14 9e ce 09 86 db 8d f6 52 4f d1 4b 3c 0d 91 e5 |........RO.K<...|
00000170 d2 6d 50 aa d9 84 ef 26 cb e9 95 3d 96 a7 49 22 |.mP....&...=..I"|
00000180 83 19 d5 5e 6f 97 2d 54 8f aa 12 33 18 19 9f f7 |...^o.-T...3....|
00000190 8e 96 46 aa f7 28 18 1e e5 88 6f 86 ad bd 03 eb |..F..(....o.....|
000001a0 c6 5a cb d5 fe d1 a9 f7 b7 e1 5e ae ba d5 6a da |.Z........^...j.|
000001b0 fe ef 96 7d df ff fb 92 00 ec 8f f3 1d 46 d6 83 |...}.........F..|
000001c0 2f 52 e0 63 08 da d0 65 ea 5c 0b 84 b7 5c 0c 61 |/R.c...e.\...\.a|
000001d0 09 81 89 16 eb 41 8c 21 30 ff a2 b6 6f 4c 36 c8 |.....A.!0...oL6.|
000001e0 6f b0 d2 73 45 1c 6e 8d 51 bd d2 2e 50 a5 0c c2 |o..sE.n.Q...P...|
000001f0 1d c8 ca ec 65 4f 65 8f ca 24 50 53 12 99 e5 de |....eOe..$PS....|
00000200
title Linux
root (hd0,5)
kernel /vmlinuz root=UUID=8e23f395-c033-4245-b5a4-8638437496aa ro quiet splash
initrd /initrd.img.2.6.28
quiet
It's where your problem is. It's poiting to (hd0,5), which means /dev/sda6 (which no longer exists or doesn't hold de /boot partition). From your first post, I'm guessing that the partition that has /boot in it is now the /dev/sda5 (hd0,4). So, what you'll have to do is edit this menu.lst in /dev/sda5. djsmiley2k already told you how to do that.
hmmm. rfernandez, I'm not sure that is correct. But it certainly wouldn't hurt making your suggested change to the root statement, as I could be wrong. Actually, I'm often wrong.
If that doesn't help, I'd suggest changing it back to (hd0, 5).
'root (hd0,5)' has gotten grub to the Linux kernel and the initial ramdisk.
I think the statement "Than it throws me to a busy box shell with initramfs prompt.." demonstrates that.
I suspect the problem has to do with mounting the root file system and that we're we're past grub problems. Everything in the bootinfoscript output looks good to me.
_Linux_Learner, what were the messages that preceeded "/dev/disk/by-uuid/<uuid of the root partition> does not exist"?
If you do an 'ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid' at the initramfs prompt, what do you get? Does it show any other disks? Or do you get an error?
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