Linux packages
 

Hi all.
Linux distros come with a lot of packages. Are they all installed during the linux installation? In which directory can i find which packages came with my distro, and find those that have not yet been installed. If you could give both command-line and GUI methods it would be great.
Thanks ;)

Which distribution ?

I think you're talking about repository...If you're talking about repository your programs are not installed on your PC, but they are online packages. You can install them marking the box(if you use a graphical package manager like synaptic, adept, gslapt etc...)or with the command line. :) Bye.

Please: read HOW TO POST ASK A QUESTION

A package manager for your distribution can help you out in finding what packages are installed in your installation.
You need to specify more info about your distribution and name of packages that you are looking for to get more help.

Most modern distributions come with online package repositories. You can use a package manager to install them straight to your system.

Some of them also come with a lot of packages on their DVD. You can use that DVD as a repository as well. Install package normally using the same package manager.

More specific answer require which distro you're talking about.

I guess I will add my two cents. As mentioned some distributions come with their own package management. Here are a couple

RPM (Red Hat Package Manager) end with .rpm - Fedora Core, Red Hat, Suse, Mandrivia

Apt-get or aptitiude packages end with .deb - Debian, Ubuntu

pacman - Arch

Portage - Gentoo

These are some that I know of. Now you normally connect to mirrors or repositories where users have taken the source files and converted them into install packages for their respected package managers.

Then you have the sources. These come in .tar.gz or .tar.bz2. These are the acutal source code that was written to create the app. these are normally installed by doing

Sources are downloaded from the applications site while your package manager will pull down the sources or you sync the manager up so that it will pull down the latest.

And .tgz for Slackware and derivate ;)