RMLinux

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Hi keen folks!

how can I increase my /var directory without reformating my system.
I am using RHEL4

[root@localhost var]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVol1
1008M 205M 752M 22% /
/dev/sda3 190M 15M 166M 8% /boot
none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVol2
496M 15M 457M 4% /tmp
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVol5
154G 3.1G 143G 3% /usr
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVol4
496M 471M 0 100% /var
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVolHome
123G 3.4G 114G 3% /home
[root@localhost var]#

billymayday

You could add another partition into that logvol as one solution. Perhaps shrink the home logvol a bit and use that.

n03x3c

You have to use lvextend command for extending your logical volume

In case, if you're having some space left on your current volume group, use following command

If you don't have any space left on your volume group, create new physics volume, add it to your vol group and then extend your logical volume

pvcreate /path/to/new/dev
vgextend lvname /path/to/new/dev

And then you can extend your logical volume because your VG is now having space added to it.

RMLinux

Hi thanks to all reply!


To n03x3c: can you give me the exact command on how to do it?

suppose I want to add 20G on /var? here's my fdisk-l command thank you.

can you fill-up your response with the correct Volume that am I going to type what I mean fill-up all your syntax :-)?

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 499.9 GB, 499999834112 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60788 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 5 40131 de Dell Utility
/dev/sda2 6 16305 130929750 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 * 16306 16330 200812+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 16331 60788 357108885 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 16331 60788 357108853+ 8e Linux LVM

according to man lvextend:
Examples
"lvextend -L +54 /dev/vg01/lvol10 /dev/sdk3" tries to extend the size
of that logical volume by 54MB on physical volume /dev/sdk3. This is
only possible if /dev/sdk3 is a member of volume group vg01 and there
are enough free physical extents in it.

which [/dev/sdk3] am I going to use in my case? is it sda4 or sda5?

n03x3c

Ofcourse you're going to use sda5 in your case.

Extended partition hold all partition after it, so neva use extended partition. If you del it, all partition after it will be gone.

And the command you found on man page, let you extend your /var on specific partition, if you're having logical volume management tool on your system, you will see the logical as well as physical view of your volumes and you will understand it better.

dickgregory

The first thing I would do is remove all of the old log files under /var. Log files can fill up a partition of < 500MB pretty fast if they are not managed. But if you have a regular process that rotates them and archives them, or simply removes the old ones, you may be fine without adding space.

williebens

I canceled this post.
I will post it again.
Thanks.
--Willie

RMLinux

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/li...ry/l-lvm2.html

I google to internet I am currently reviewing that links hope others can test it also.

here's another link to review folks! http://www.redhat.com/magazine/009jul05/features/lvm2/


I read RHEL4 use LVM2

RMLinux

I tried lvextend here's the error message.


[root@localhost /]# lvextend -L+200G /dev/VolGroup_ID_17452/LogVol4

Extending logical volume LogVol4 to 200.50 GB
Insufficient free space: 6400 extents needed, but only 5772 available

what am I going to do next?

quote from no3x3c
kindly fill this up according to my need. thanks



the following are my HDD partitions information:

[root@localhost etc]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on


/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVol1
1008M 205M 752M 22% /
/dev/sda3 190M 15M 166M 8% /boot
none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVol2
496M 15M 457M 4% /tmp
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVol5
154G 3.1G 143G 3% /usr
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVol4
496M 468M 2.5M 100% /var ------> I want to increase this Sir to 300G.
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_17452-LogVolHome
123G 4.0G 113G 4% /home




[root@localhost etc]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 499.9 GB, 499999834112 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60788 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 5 40131 de Dell Utility
/dev/sda2 6 16305 130929750 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 * 16306 16330 200812+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 16331 60788 357108885 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 16331 60788 357108853+ 8e Linux LVM
[root@localhost etc]#



[root@localhost etc]# vgscan -v
Wiping cache of LVM-capable devices
Wiping internal VG cache
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Finding all volume groups
Finding volume group "VolGroup_ID_17452"
Found volume group "VolGroup_ID_17452" using metadata type lvm2


[root@localhost etc]# vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "VolGroup_ID_17452" using metadata type lvm2
[root@localhost etc]#



[root@localhost etc]# vgdisplay -v
Finding all volume groups
Finding volume group "VolGroup_ID_17452"
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup_ID_17452
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 12
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 6
Open LV 6
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 465.41 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 14893

Alloc PE / Size 9121 / 285.03 GB
Free PE / Size 5772 / 180.38 GB
VG UUID eHI1zb-ETtp-35RA-fNJa-4r62-TITX-vEHBE0

--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup_ID_17452/LogVol1
VG Name VolGroup_ID_17452
LV UUID 4ajEIB-yMzl-om2y-sHGy-hHl3-plaK-fXoZke
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.00 GB
Current LE 32
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:0


--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup_ID_17452/LogVol2
VG Name VolGroup_ID_17452
LV UUID yUm11O-dakR-jVjZ-fk8P-I0Ld-DFvd-mw9UY5
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 512.00 MB
Current LE 16
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:1



--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup_ID_17452/LogVol5
VG Name VolGroup_ID_17452
LV UUID 7KyTLD-t1in-ujxH-oXIo-bC1Q-5vQh-4hqUiC
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 156.19 GB
Current LE 4998
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:2



--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup_ID_17452/LogVol4
VG Name VolGroup_ID_17452
LV UUID 6wC20r-qVW5-cDK6-p6Xb-dSsw-e777-BMVPKa
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 512.00 MB
Current LE 16
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:3


--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup_ID_17452/LogVol0
VG Name VolGroup_ID_17452
LV UUID kXJe8T-uVVJ-CV38-bq0J-VU8x-spKH-pLOsv1
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 2.00 GB
Current LE 64
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:4



--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup_ID_17452/LogVolHome
VG Name VolGroup_ID_17452
LV UUID yJIGtt-4tlk-4ntK-aWIm-mhKL-cvL8-M2QumE
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 124.84 GB
Current LE 3995
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:5



--- Physical volumes ---
PV Name /dev/sda5
PV UUID 1v0ScE-7ZOe-o3Ef-PxJL-8hA0-LzA0-RHdsmU
PV Status allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 10898 / 1777

PV Name /dev/sda2
PV UUID a2gnZa-TFV0-sQIA-Ukvt-d3ra-TIWE-jPTCzs
PV Status allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 3995 / 3995

billymayday

So you only have 180-181G free? Try extending by less - but first, you currently have 1/2G and you are planning to increase this to around 200G. That's a 400x increase. Are you sure you want it that large?

n03x3c

Assume you add new partition or you already have one sda5 that you need your extended data store into.

williebens

Hello Guys:

Most likely I will be repeating some of the steps you guys already mentioned. Please, pardon me for that, but I really need to. The following is the process I just did to add a second hard drive on my Centos 5 box.

Steps to add space to the /var directory via LVM.

CAUTION: Creating partitions is irrevocably destructive to the data already
on the disk. Therefore, before removing, changing, and/or creating partitions
on a disk, you must know what you are doing and its possible results.
ADVICE: Backup all your important data before taking the steps below. Thanks.

I am using Centos 5.0 with a 2.6.188.el5 kernel.

1) Begin by running fdisk l to list the current partition table.
Disk /dev/hda is already partitioned, and it is where the Linux operating system is
currently installed. Disk /dev/hdb is the new disk we want to add. We will create a partition out of this disk to add it to the /var directory. You can create one partition or more than one. It is up to you. We will be creating only one partition in this case.
Disk /dev/hdb does not have a partition table. Creating it is the next step.

2)Typing fdisk again, we now see that /dev/hdb has a partition table:
3)Now reboot the system to allow the Linux kernel to properly recognize the new partition table. Type:
4)Next, create the physical volume. Remember you have to be root.
Note: Using the whole disk (/dev/hdb) as a physical volume, instead of a partition spanning the whole disk (/dev/hdb1) is not recommended. This is because any other operating system that looks at the disk will not recognize the LVM metadata and display the disk as being free. Therefore, it is possibly it will be overwritten. However, LVM itself will work fine with whole disk physical volumes.

5) Use the pvdisplay command to verify step 4.
A new physical volume has been created. Now, we will assign the /dev/hdb1 physical volume to a volume group. The space of the new physical volume is 37.27GB as indicated by:
PV Size 37.27 GB Since VG Name is empty, this PV has not been assigned to any VG.

6) Use the vgdisplay command to view the current volume groups that possibly exist on your system:
From the output, we see that:
The volume group (VG) name is VolGroup00.
The current size of the VG is 37.19 GB (This size should increase after adding the new hard drive).
The physical extend (PE) size is 32.00 MB, with a total of 1190 PEs.
There are only 59 physical extents that are free in the VG. They are equivalent to 1.84 GB of free space.
The previous information is just for the original hard drive where the operating system is. The goal now
is to add the new hard drive so we have more Free PE / Size in order to add space to the /var directory.
We just do not want to add the 1.84GB that this VG has available. We want to add at least 20GB.

7) Assign the PV to the VG using the vgextend command:
After adding the PV to the VG, VG Size is now 74.44GB and Free PE / Size is 1251/39.09 and Total PE is 2382. All these values have increased.

8) Now that we have more space in the VG, we extend the /var directory's logical volume (LG) with the command lvextend. First, I run the lvdisplay command to view the current LVs:
9)I now extend the LV of the /var directory by 20GB. I can extend it by 39.09GB more, but I will leave some room left just in case another directory runs out of room as well.
10) Verify that the /var directory has increased by 20GB:
11)Run df -h to check:
Note that /var is still 14G.

Now unmount the logical volume regarding the /var directory:
Before extending the LV, it would be safer, you do not really have to do this with an ext3 and lvm2, to unmount the /var directory and its LV. However, unmounting the /var directory is more difficult than having a work around it. This is the one I have.

12) Run:
Rung df -h again:
I hope this helps.
Thanks.
--Willie

salter

Your /usr partition appears to be quite large (154 GB).
I would copy the entire /var directory (using cp -dpR to keep all permissions intact) to /usr (so it will be at /usr/var), renaming the current /var to /var.bak (or anything), and then create a softlink in /var pointing to /usr/var
Your old /var location (~ 500 MB) can then be used for any other purpose.

Linux Archive

RMLinux

I created a website and I host it on my own. I put my website in /var/www and oracle to another user, third party to another user.

I run LAMPS ... now I am out of space in /var coz of a lots of very big log files... including mysql database data residing in /var/lib/mysql/data....is in /var directory ...so all are using /var.

anything you can suggest to me friend what am I going to do?

RMLinux

What is the effect of pvcreate and vgextend? can i increase my /var directory after this?

friend can you give me a complete list of command plz.

1. instruction 1
2. instruction 2
3. instruction 3.......until finished.

kindly give me the details of the command because it is very dangerous to edit this HDD PARTITION it may coz a lost of data to me. Hope you understand.

try to be complete pls.