Help Me !! " How a normal user can make a new partiton in Linux Machine"
 

Dear all,


Please give me the solution for the following:


1. Normal user can able to make a new linux partition and formated by ext3 file system.

2. Usually /etc/shadow file default permission is read only for user. Then how the new password will be updated in /etc/shadow file when normal user chage his old password to new password.


3. I am facing the following issue when i have taken a back of RAID device.

Error: Unable to copy due to I/O device error.

Suituation: Eralier i have configured a SAMBA server for File transger between Linux and Windows. I used Disk Mirroring (RAID 1)
for storage of Datas. Later RAID device was failed. Then i have connected the RAID device in another system and i start to copy the files from New Linux machine to windows machine. During this time i have got the above mentioned error (I/O device error).

So please help me the above mentioned issues.

Thanking You to all.
by
guna.

The first part, if I understand the problem.

A normal user must have root privileges, usually as su or sudo with the root password, to have access to a systems partitions and its partitioning tools. As partitions can not be changed while they are mounted, and nothing runs without being mounted, a partitioning CD is often used for work on the partitions of an existing installation.

Try opening a terminal and typing "su" or "sudo", depending on your distro. You should be asked for your password. Enter it and then type "fdisk -l" and you will get to see your partition table. You might type "man fdisk" first to see what fdisk is and can do.

Two live-cd partitioners that are used are Parted Magic and GPartedLiveCD, but any linux live-cd should also do the job. Rescue and forensic live-cds also have partitioning tools.

Here is the standard live-cd list.

http://www.livecdlist.com/

You might also googe for more information on partitioning and permissions in linux.

For the next time, you might read this and try to edit your post for clarity.

http://www.linuxquestions.org/linux/...Ask_a_Question

Written English for a non-native speaker can be difficult, but you might get a greater response if the meaning of your post was easier to determine. I guessed what you needed for information, but I might be telling you what you already know.

Good Luck

1. What do you mean by 'normal user'. In general, partition editing tools are only available to root, for what is in general very good reason. If you need non-root people to be able to use them, it's worth looking at sudo.
If by 'normal user' you mean 'someone unfamiliar with Linux', gparted is a graphical partion editor. You shouldn't go anywhere near it without a solid understanding of partitioning, though.

2. The user runs the `passwd` command. This is setuid to root. When you setuid a program, you make it always run as a particular user. So the user cannot edit /etc/shadow, but passwd can. This would be a reasonable solution to 1., as well, though generally less secure than sudo.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setuid

3. Which system produced the error? The Windows one or the Linux one? What, exactly, were you doing?

For fairly obvious reasons, "normal users" are forbidden to alter system-wide resources. This includes the ability to access disk-volumes directly, e.g. to repartition them.

Can you please better-describe what you are trying to achieve?

the following is partition command,default format is EXT3


fdisk /dev/sdf(after mounting your disk,run dmesg | grep sd, replace "f" depending on the result for dmesg)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-621, default 1):<RETURN> Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-621, default 621): <RETURN> p
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdf1 1 621 395104 83 Linux
w


If you type something wrong, hit q to exit without saving changes.

If your replacement RAID device signals an 'I/O device error' then you are out of luck - it seems that both devices have some hardware problems. You should run fschk anyway, just to make sure that it's not a problem with the file system, something that can be cured.

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