Hi,

I have questions, please let me know that;

1. Which Linux Distros uses GRUB's stage 1, stage 1_5 and stage 2,all???

2. Which stage is used when we use GRUB commands like 'boot', 'kernel', 'initrd' and etc.???

grub>

Thanks in advance!

Any distro that uses Grub can use all those stages; the only stage that can be skipped is stage1.5. When you install Grub to the MBR (Master Boot Record), you are installing stage1 to the MBR and usually stage1.5 to the sectors immediately following the MBR. Stage1.5 has the ability to search for stage2 on a linux partition, and also stage1.5 is what reports various Grub errors. It is possible to install stage1 to the MBR but omit stage1.5, and then stage1 just points directly to the sector location (LBA) of the stage2 file. Thus you won't get any error reporting, and if the location of your stage2 file changes for any reason, that would temporarily break Grub until you reinstall Grub to the MBR again. It is worth noting that when you install Grub to the boot sector of a partition, Grub always omits the stage1.5 file since the sectors immediately following the partition boot sector are usually not free space.
Grub's stage2 file is what handles all the Grub commands.

Thanks very much CJS.

You reply cleared me lot but I have again a question would u please tell me that;

What I know about MBR, is a fixed location(not dependent on any OS) on a drive which always pointed by BIOS when POST complete.

Is the area used by stage 1.5 file is FIXED? or it depends on OS, that how they use that space.

The MBR is always the first sector of the HDD, and almost always the first partition of the HDD starts at the first track of the HDD or further into the drive (each track is 63 sectors); so the first partition usually starts no sooner than sector 63. That means those sectors between the MBR and sector 63 are generally available, and that's where Grub puts its stage1.5 file. But sometimes anti-virus programs in Windows use those sectors, so that can be a problem with Grub. In those cases you can install Grub without the stage1.5 file as I briefly described in my previous post, and you should be fine.

The GRUB installation is independent of what distro you are using.

If you want to confirm what goes where, you can read the MBR and following sectors using:
You can compare this to the files found in /boot/grub (read them also using hexdump)