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cghcgh 03-16-2008 11:25 PM

Check and install new hardisk in linux
 
Sorry that I'm still quite new to using linux and I would need some help from you.
It's quite urgent. Production issue. Thanks.

I have a machine that 1 of my adminsitrator says need to increase more disk space. How do I go about doing it?

i'm using a hp server
I have physcially checked that the machine has 5 hardisk of 72 gb each.
When I do a df -k, it shows the below msg

[root@sins472180 by-path]# df -k
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 1035692 574828 408252 59% /
/dev/mapper/Volume00-OraArchive
5160576 43040 4855392 1% /OraArchive
/dev/mapper/Volume00-OraBackup
20642428 5647232 13946812 29% /OraBackup
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 101086 35949 59918 38% /boot
none 1036628 0 1036628 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/Volume00-home
6192704 4500824 1377360 77% /home
/dev/mapper/Volume00-opt
2064208 677172 1282180 35% /opt
/dev/mapper/Volume00-rhnsat
20867692 6818608 12990812 35% /rhnsat
/dev/mapper/Volume00-usr
2064208 935604 1023748 48% /usr
/dev/mapper/Volume00-var
4128448 2062156 1856580 53% /var
/dev/mapper/Volume00-satellite
105630856 92618668 7647356 93% /var/satellite

fdisk -l
Disk /dev/cciss/c0d0: 73.3 GB, 73372631040 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8920 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 14 274 2096482+ 82 Linux swap
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 275 405 1052257+ 83 Linux
/dev/cciss/c0d0p4 406 8920 68396737+ 5 Extended
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 406 8920 68396706 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/cciss/c0d1: 146.7 GB, 146745262080 bytes
255 heads, 32 sectors/track, 35124 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 8160 * 512 = 4177920 bytes

Disk /dev/cciss/c0d1 doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/dm-8: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 32 sectors/track, 10280 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 8160 * 512 = 4177920 bytes

Disk /dev/dm-8 doesn't contain a valid partition table


[root@sins472180 by-path]# lvmdiskscan
/dev/ramdisk [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/dm-0 [ 5.00 GB]
/dev/ram [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 [ 101.94 MB]
/dev/dm-1 [ 20.00 GB]
/dev/ram2 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 [ 2.00 GB]
/dev/dm-2 [ 6.00 GB]
/dev/ram3 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/root [ 1.00 GB]
/dev/dm-3 [ 2.00 GB]
/dev/ram4 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/dm-4 [ 20.22 GB]
/dev/ram5 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 [ 65.23 GB] LVM physical volume
/dev/dm-5 [ 2.00 GB]
/dev/ram6 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/dm-6 [ 4.00 GB]
/dev/ram7 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/dm-7 [ 102.34 GB]
/dev/ram8 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/dm-8 [ 40.00 GB]
/dev/ram9 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/ram10 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/ram11 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/ram12 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/ram13 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/ram14 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/ram15 [ 16.00 MB]
/dev/cciss/c0d1 [ 136.67 GB] LVM physical volume
3 disks
25 partitions
0 LVM physical volume whole disks
2 LVM physical volumes


What does the above 3 commands do?
How do I check the command of the b/m questions
whether raid is configured on the machine?
the physcial disk space of all the hardisk on the system?
The logical disk space of the system.
Why is my other hardisks not being recognised?

If new hardisk is needed, how do I install the hardisk and configure?

Thanks.

jschiwal 03-17-2008 12:18 AM

It would be easier for people to help you if you used the command "df -kh" instead to display the available sizes in human terms such as GB. Also include which OS you are using such as BSD, RHEL <version>, etc.

Notice the mention of LVM near the bottom. That stands for Logical Volume Manager. If you are using Red Hat (or Fedora Core) there is a graphical LVM manager.

Quote:

/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 406 8920 68396706 8e Linux LVM
The Linux LVM is roughly 70GB.

Quote:

/dev/cciss/c0d1 [ 136.67 GB] LVM physical volume
I don't see where this fits in. Do you have a physical LVM volume here that isn't being utilized?

Also, where are you running out of space. The /var/satellite partition is at 93%. I don't know what the /var/satellite partition is for however. The /home partition has only about 1.3 GB available but if this is a server and doesn't have regular users like a workstation used that might be OK.

Seeing RHN mentioned makes me think you are using an RHEL distribution. If so the LVM Graphical device manager should help you a lot.

cghcgh 03-17-2008 01:05 AM

Hi, Thanks very much for answering my post.

I dont use the graphical approach. We will normally ssh into the servers.

Can you explain each row of those command? I have no idea what they mean..

and
whether raid is configured on the machine?
the physcial disk space of all the hardisk on the system?
The logical disk space of the system.
Why is my other hardisks not being recognised?

I using Redhat Enterprise 4.0 btw.

I'm a noob in all these! Pls help!!

jschiwal 03-17-2008 06:26 AM

You might try logging in with "ssh -X".
I think the program is named system-config-lvm. I don't know if it is under /usr/bin/, /sbin/ or /usr/sbin/.

Look in the kernel source for cciss.txt. The cciss.ko kernel module is for compaq array controllers.
Code:

The device naming scheme is:
/dev/cciss/c0d0                Controller 0, disk 0, whole device
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1              Controller 0, disk 0, partition 1
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2              Controller 0, disk 0, partition 2
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3              Controller 0, disk 0, partition 3

/dev/cciss/c1d1                Controller 1, disk 1, whole device
/dev/cciss/c1d1p1              Controller 1, disk 1, partition 1
/dev/cciss/c1d1p2              Controller 1, disk 1, partition 2
/dev/cciss/c1d1p3              Controller 1, disk 1, partition 3

Your fdisk -l command looked at the drives and partition tables. The first entry is probably for /boot.
Disk /dev/cciss/c0d0: 73.3 GB, 73372631040 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8920 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 14 274 2096482+ 82 Linux swap
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 275 405 1052257+ 83 Linux
/dev/cciss/c0d0p4 406 8920 68396737+ 5 Extended
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 406 8920 68396706 8e Linux LVM

The lvm scan also showed /dev/cciss/c0d1 [ 136.67 GB] LVM physical volume
In the 4th column of the fdisk -l listing is the size of the partition in 1024 byte blocks.
So the first controller, first disk, first partition (c0d0p1) is 104.391 MB in size. The Linux LVM partition is 68 GB in size. The root partition is about 1 GB.

These might be raid devices:
/dev/dm-0 [ 5.00 GB]
/dev/dm-1 [ 20.00 GB]
/dev/dm-2 [ 6.00 GB]
/dev/dm-3 [ 2.00 GB]
/dev/dm-4 [ 20.22 GB]
/dev/dm-5 [ 2.00 GB]
/dev/dm-6 [ 4.00 GB]
/dev/dm-7 [ 102.34 GB]
/dev/dm-8 [ 40.00 GB]
I'm not sure. Use the mdadm program to check your raid setup. Check if these devices are linked to or from somewhere else.
Also read the manpages for mdadm and lvm. There may be an /etc/lvm.conf or /etc/lvm/lvm.conf file showing the configuration.

Also look at /etc/fstab and post it. I don't know how large your LVM volume is and if the two lvm partitions are both members.


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