first off, most "linux anti virus software" just really scans for windows one, there are really only a few linux viruses ever made, so when looking for a anti virus in linux remember to find out if it even scans for the handful of linux viruses
the linux file system is the vfs (virtual file system), it really isn't a file system at all, its job is to translate requests to access the file system, into requests the particular file system can understand, the main file systems for linux are
ext2/3 (most people like it, a lot of people say its crappy and out dated, ext3 is mainly just a quick hack to get ext2 up to speed with other file systems
reiserfs (i think they said this was the first journaled linux file system, version 3.6 and up is no longer developed, its only changed to fix bugs, version 4 is what they are trying to develop now, so v3.6 is mostly stable
jfs (IMB's jfs, i don't have any experience with this one, but it is journaled)
xfs (this is a port of the XFS from sgi's OS (i forget its name),supposedly faster then reiserfs, its also journaled, i never used this one because there web site has no info on what the limits, or benchmarks for this FS are, but people that use it i hear are usually pleased)
those are the main 4 file systems for linux, the original one is minix (i think thats its name), well something like that,.. its a little better then the FAT file system used in dos (or is it about the same as the fat32 file system?)
linux also has support for the ISO file system (used on CD's)
hfs (used in mac computers)
fat/fat32 used in windows
read support for ntfs used it window's
nfs support (a network file system, as well as a few other network file systems)
and there are at least 6 others I'm forgetting (almost every file system ever made
)