my knowledge of vpn's is pretty sketchy but here's a few answers:
as for you just having one ip - correct but you will set up a 'dial up' service there which will connect and then assign the client a private ip adress i.e. 192.168.x.x
this virtal network you can connect to your home network
oh and dont worry -the software will do most of the work
i dont know if debian has a vpn software but i think this one will work on most distros:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenVPN