I am having connection issues to a VPN. After months, it simply stopped connecting without changes being made to the configuration. My ISP says that they are not blocking VPN connections, and my VPN provider is having problems resolving the issue without the /var/log/syslog or similar file.

The problem is that I do not have anything called 'syslog' in the /var/log directory. I have tried creating the file, but it does not populate with logging info. I use Fedora v22, which uses the journalctl command with the -e or -r option to log system data. This command renders little or no network connection error data, and is not helpful in solving the problem.

Regardless of distribution, how can I enable logging in a file that can be used to help solve VPN connectivity issues?

On Fedora and other Red Hat related distros, this file used to be called "messages", not "syslog".
You should be able to dump out all system messages with "journalctl", no options (perhaps -l to avoid abridging lines).

See also http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/NoDefaultSyslog, where you find this paragraph:

Thank you for that helpful reply.