The changes take effect immediately:
Code:
# ping squiggle
ping: unknown host squiggle
# echo "192.168.0.3 squiggle" >> /etc/hosts
ping squiggle
PING squiggle (192.168.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from squiggle (192.168.0.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.160 ms
64 bytes from squiggle (192.168.0.3): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.139 ms
I guess it checks the file modification date or something?