Ummm... that's an awful lot of questions. And I think that the very best place to begin my answer is with a bit of
explanation, which might help you to "reposition" your original question..
...
The good folks who build those terrific "Linux distros" for all of us, face
one essential problem:
they have no idea what sort of hardware we might be running. And unfortunately, by the time that "the Linux kernel" is up-and-running, those sorts of issues need to have been sorted out!
So, the
initrd ("initial RAM-disk") mechanism was conceived as a sort of "in-between moment" during which such decisions
can be made.
- The Linux kernel will boot, but initially it will do so only to the point where it can "mount" a "compressed floppy-disk(!!)" which is the initrd.
- The initrd will now, in a primitive and "bare bones" environment, determine which kernel-modules need to be loaded to support the current hardware, and will load them.
- When initrd has finished, the Linux system will boot.
On
some systems, such as Knoppix, the
initrd stage really
does have "true investigative responsibilities." On others, the installer-program merely determines in-advance what
initrd must do and then
builds an
initrd image that "does exactly that."