First find out what the make and model of your motherboard is, thats usually easy if you built it or you look on the motherboard inside the PC case. If it is an OEM product likea Gateway or a Dell. Go here:
http://www.crucial.com/ and input your Manufactuere and model and it will give you the specs you should lookf for.
Crucial is highly regarded. Some people will say the "high-end" manufacturers are better but when they send you a dead RAM stick you'll think different.
--tarballedtux
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Rant Continuation:
I was building a PC for a friend and I had the hardest time getting the OS installed (windows XP Pro). It kept saying "corrupted file this" and "this file doesn't match that" Sounds like a media problem right? No!, one of his RAM sticks DEAD. Literally dead(No he didn't take 9mm to it.) I (on a whim) slapped in memtest86. Literally in in the 5 seconds 10,000 errors. 50,xxx at the end. Ouch! This was a Corsair XMS brand stick.