I can say for sure it's updatedb. If you go into a term and as root type:
# updatedb
Your hard drive will do the same thing.
On my system, by default, it's scheduled to run about once a day. Doesn't hurt anything. In fact, if you just added some files or deleted files or added an app and did a "whereis" on it or "locate" and couldn't find it, do an "updatedb" and repeat the locate comand and it'll be there.
I don't mind the hard drive activity just to keep the database fresh. It also depends on how many files you have on your system how long it'll take to finish, it seems.