To help yourself in understanding files and their permissions, run a terminal, cd to / and do a ls -al to view all files with their permissions. As far as the files with arrows, they are symbolic links.
As far as your initrd.img being compressed, you can find more information about the file here -
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/li.../l-initrd.html
Cheers,
Josh
EDIT: Talk about mad lag... Got beaten to it by TobiSGD.