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-   -   Problem using cramfs as rootfs in SDRAM (https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-embedded-and-single-board-computer-78/problem-using-cramfs-as-rootfs-in-sdram-743061/)

luklem 07-27-2009 07:21 AM
Problem using cramfs as rootfs in SDRAM
 
Hello,

I'm developing for the TI OMAP L-137 EVM development board. During this development I'm able to get my rootfs via NFS. In the end-product the rootfs has to be in the form of a cramfs image in SDRAM.

For some reason the Kernel is unable locate my init in the cramfs. When I provide an init (via u-boot) the Kernel is still unable to start.

I would like to debug this problem but I don't know where to start.
  • Can anyone point me in a direction where the source of my problem could lie?
  • Does anyone know where I can obtain extra debug information in order to get a better understanding of the problem?
  • I don't understand this message "checking if image is initramfs...it isn't (bad gzip magic numbers); looks like an initrd" can this have anything to do with my problem?
  • Is it possible to test the rootfs when my board is running from NFS?

rootfs
The rootfs I'm using consists of busybox-1.8.2 cross compiled for ARM and some extra folder and files. The filesystem is build using mkcramfs-1.1 with the following command line:
Code:
mkcramfs -n MXSP -l -D $DNODES ./workdir/ uRamdisk.gz
-n : Just holds the name of the fs
-l : Build for a little Endian system
-D : Device nodes added to /dev since the fs is read-only
./workdir : files copied for the _install directory of Busybox and personally added files
Device nodes
Code:
# name      type  mode  uid gid major minor start inc count

/dev/watchdog  c 755 0 0 10  130 - - -

/dev      d 755 0 0 - - - - -

/dev/pts    d 755 0 0 - - - - -
/dev/ttyp  c 755 0 0 3 0 0 1 10
/dev/ram    c 755 0 0 1 1 0 0 -

/dev/ttyS0    c 755 0 0 4 64  - - -
/dev/ttyS1    c 755 0 0 4 65  - - -

/dev/loop  b 755 0 0 7 0 0 1 2

/dev/log    c 755 0 0 - - - - -
/dev/console    c 755 0 0 5 1 - - -
/dev/zero  c 755 0 0 1 5 - - -
/dev/null  c 755 0 0 1 3 - - -
/dev/ptyp  c 755 0 0 2 0 0 1 10
/dev/rtc    c 755 0 0 10  135 - - -
/dev/mtd    c 755 0 0 90  0 0 2 10
/dev/mtdblock  b 755 0 0 31  0 0 1 10
/dev/urandom    c 755 0 0 1 9 - - -
/dev/random  c 755 0 0 1 8 - - -
/dev/mem    c 755 0 0 1 1 - - -
Kernel
The Linux kernel has version 2.6.18 and is patched until Montavista patch 2030.

I've added the following Kernel switches to enable the rootfs in RAM.
Code:
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM=y
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_COUNT=1
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_SIZE=16384
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_BLOCKSIZE=1024
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD=y
CONFIG_RAMFS=y
CONFIG_CRAMFS=y
Logs
This is the information I see when the Kernel is launched. I've made the important messages bold.
Code:
U-Boot 1.3.3-svn3 (Jul 15 2009 - 09:52:30)
 
I2C:  ready
DRAM:  64 MB
In:    serial
Out:  serial
Err:  serial
ARM Clock : 300000000 Hz
More than one PHY detected.
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
U-Boot > tftp 0xc1180000 uRamdisk.gz
TFTP from server 10.3.3.62; our IP address is 10.3.3.57
Filename 'uRamdisk.gz'.
Load address: 0xc1180000
Loading: #################################################################
        #################################################################
        #####
done
Bytes transferred = 688128 (a8000 hex)
U-Boot > tftp 0xc0010000 uImage
TFTP from server 10.3.3.62; our IP address is 10.3.3.57
Filename 'uImage'.
Load address: 0xc0010000
Loading: #################################################################
        #################################################################
        #################################################################
        ################################################
done
Bytes transferred = 1240760 (12eeb8 hex)
U-Boot > setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 initrd=0xc1180000,4M rw ip=off root=/dev/ram0 rootfstype=cramfs mem=64M '
U-Boot > bootm 0xc0010000
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at c0010000 ...
  Image Name:  Linux-2.6.18_pro500SVNREV
  Image Type:  ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
  Data Size:    1240696 Bytes =  1.2 MB
  Load Address: c0008000
  Entry Point:  c0008000
  Verifying Checksum ... OK
  Loading Kernel Image ... OK
OK
 
Starting kernel ...
 
Uncompressing Linux.................................................................................... done, booting the kernel.
Linux version 2.6.18_pro500SVNREV (luklem@MainControllerBox) (gcc version 4.2.0 (MontaVista 4.2.0-16.0.32.0801914 2008-08-30)) #1 PREEMPT Wed Jul 15 11:19:06 CEST 2009
CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177
Machine: DaVinci DA8XX EVM
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writethrough
DA830 variant 0x0
CPU0: D VIVT write-back cache
CPU0: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 4, 32 byte lines, 128 sets
CPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 4, 32 byte lines, 128 sets
Real-Time Preemption Support (C) 2004-2006 Ingo Molnar
Built 1 zonelists.  Total pages: 16384
Kernel command line: console=ttyS2,115200n8 initrd=0xc1180000,4M rw ip=off root=/dev/ram0 rootfstype=cramfs mem=64M
WARNING: experimental RCU implementation.
PID hash table entries: 512 (order: 9, 2048 bytes)
Clock event device timer0_0 configured with caps set: 07
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Memory: 64MB = 64MB total
Memory: 58096KB available (2036K code, 536K data, 160K init)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
checking if image is initramfs...it isn't (bad gzip magic numbers); looks like an initrd
Freeing initrd memory: 4096K
NET: Registered protocol family 16
DaVinci: 128 gpio irqs
Generic PHY: Registered new driver
SCSI subsystem initialized
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 2, 28672 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 1024)
TCP reno registered
JFFS version 1.0, (C) 1999, 2000  Axis Communications AB
JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) (SUMMARY)  (C) 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
yaffs Jul 15 2009 11:14:38 Installing.
Initializing Cryptographic API
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered (default)
LTT : ltt-facilities init
LTT : ltt-facility-core init in kernel
DAVINCI-WDT: DaVinci Watchdog Timer: heartbeat 60 sec
Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 3 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
serial8250.0: ttyS0 at MMIO map 0x1c42000 mem 0xfec42000 (irq = 25) is a 16550A
serial8250.0: ttyS1 at MMIO map 0x1c20400 mem 0xfed0c000 (irq = 53) is a 16550A
serial8250.0: ttyS2 at MMIO map 0x1d0d000 mem 0xfed0d000 (irq = 61) is a 16550A
RAMDISK driver initialized: 1 RAM disks of 16384K size 1024 blocksize
netconsole: not configured, aborting
Davinci EMAC MII Bus: probed
DaVinci EMAC: Unable to read MAC from EEPROM, no I2C support in kernel.
MAC address is deadbeaf
TI DaVinci EMAC Linux version updated 4.0
Creating 3 MTD partitions on "Windbond spi nand flash":
0x00000000-0x00020000 : "U-Boot"
0x00020000-0x00024000 : "U-Boot Environment"
0x00024000-0x00400000 : "Linux"
dm_spi.0: davinci SPI Controller driver at 0xc485c000 (irq = 20) use_dma=1
dm_spi.1: davinci SPI Controller driver at 0xc485e000 (irq = 56) use_dma=1
rtc-da8xx rtc-da8xx.0: rtc intf: proc
rtc-da8xx rtc-da8xx.0: rtc intf: dev (254:0)
rtc-da8xx rtc-da8xx.0: rtc core: registered rtc-da8xx as rtc0
rtc-da8xx rtc-da8xx.0: TI DA8xx Real Time Clock driver.
oprofile: using timer interrupt.
IPv4 over IPv4 tunneling driver
Initializing XFRM netlink socket
NET: Registered protocol family 1
NET: Registered protocol family 17
rtc-da8xx rtc-da8xx.0: setting the system clock to 2000-01-01 04:58:38 (946702718)
Time: timer0_1 clocksource has been installed.
Clock event device timer0_0 configured with caps set: 08
Switched to high resolution mode on CPU 0
RAMDISK: cramfs filesystem found at block 0
RAMDISK: Loading 672KiB [1 disk] into ram disk... done.
VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
Freeing init memory: 160K
Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel.
When I provide an init via U-Boot this does not solve my problem
Code:
rtc-da8xx rtc-da8xx.0: setting the system clock to 2000-01-01 06:51:51 (946709511)
RAMDISK: cramfs filesystem found at block 0
Time: timer0_1 clocksource has been installed.
Clock event device timer0_0 configured with caps set: 08
Switched to high resolution mode on CPU 0
RAMDISK: Loading 672KiB [1 disk] into ram disk... done.
VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
Freeing init memory: 160K
Failed to execute /bin/ash.  Attempting defaults...
Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel.
Please let me know if there is information missing or when you have general question/remarks.

Thank you in advance.

luklem 07-28-2009 12:18 PM
Problem solved
 
I've managed to fix the problem. I forgot to add the libraries to the cramfs workdir. No libraries where included in the rootfs and for that reason applications failed to launch.


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