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golden_boy615 04-09-2013 05:09 AM
compiling hello world C program for arm ARM926EJ-S rev 5 (v5l) with arm-linux-gnueabi
 
I would like to compile a simple hello world example for my arm board I have its toolchain which works great but I want to compile my hello world with general arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc package of ubuntu but I had no success on it I have this error on my board:
Quote:
-sh: ./hello: cannot execute binary file
these are my informations which may help you to help me:
Quote:
cat /proc/cpuinfo
Processor : ARM926EJ-S rev 5 (v5l)
BogoMIPS : 197.83
Features : swp half fastmult edsp java
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 5TEJ
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0x926
CPU revision : 5
compiling with general arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc of ubuntu:

Quote:
$ arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc -Q -v -mfloat-abi=soft -mcpu=arm926ej-s hello.c -o hello
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/lto-wrapper
Target: arm-linux-gnueabi
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.6/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.6 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.6.3 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-plugin --enable-objc-gc --enable-multilib --disable-sjlj-exceptions --with-arch=armv7-a --with-float=softfp --with-fpu=vfpv3-d16 --with-mode=thumb --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=arm-linux-gnueabi --program-prefix=arm-linux-gnueabi- --includedir=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include --with-headers=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include --with-libs=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/lib
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.6.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-Q' '-v' '-mfloat-abi=soft' '-mcpu=arm926ej-s' '-o' 'hello' '-mfpu=vfpv3-d16' '-mthumb'
/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/cc1 -v -imultilib . -imultiarch arm-linux-gnueabi hello.c -dumpbase hello.c -mfloat-abi=soft -mcpu=arm926ej-s -mfpu=vfpv3-d16 -mthumb -auxbase hello -version -fstack-protector -o /tmp/ccU56dCs.s
GNU C (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) version 4.6.3 (arm-linux-gnueabi)
compiled by GNU C version 4.6.3, GMP version 5.0.2, MPFR version 3.1.0-p3, MPC version 0.9
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabi"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/include
/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/include-fixed
/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include
/usr/include
End of search list.
GNU C (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) version 4.6.3 (arm-linux-gnueabi)
compiled by GNU C version 4.6.3, GMP version 5.0.2, MPFR version 3.1.0-p3, MPC version 0.9
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
options passed: -v -imultilib . -imultiarch arm-linux-gnueabi hello.c
-mfloat-abi=soft -mcpu=arm926ej-s -mfpu=vfpv3-d16 -mthumb
-fstack-protector
options enabled: -fauto-inc-dec -fbranch-count-reg -fcommon
-fdelete-null-pointer-checks -fdwarf2-cfi-asm -fearly-inlining
-feliminate-unused-debug-types -ffunction-cse -fgcse-lm -fident
-finline-functions-called-once -fira-share-save-slots
-fira-share-spill-slots -fivopts -fkeep-static-consts -fleading-underscore
-fmath-errno -fmerge-debug-strings -fmove-loop-invariants -fpeephole
-fprefetch-loop-arrays -freg-struct-return -fsched-critical-path-heuristic
-fsched-dep-count-heuristic -fsched-group-heuristic -fsched-interblock
-fsched-last-insn-heuristic -fsched-rank-heuristic -fsched-spec
-fsched-spec-insn-heuristic -fsched-stalled-insns-dep -fshow-column
-fsigned-zeros -fsplit-ivs-in-unroller -fstack-protector
-fstrict-volatile-bitfields -ftrapping-math -ftree-cselim -ftree-forwprop
-ftree-loop-if-convert -ftree-loop-im -ftree-loop-ivcanon
-ftree-loop-optimize -ftree-parallelize-loops= -ftree-phiprop -ftree-pta
-ftree-reassoc -ftree-scev-cprop -ftree-slp-vectorize
-ftree-vect-loop-version -funit-at-a-time -fvar-tracking
-fvar-tracking-assignments -fzero-initialized-in-bss -mglibc
-mlittle-endian -msched-prolog -mthumb -mvectorize-with-neon-quad
Compiler executable checksum: c2a3eee802c1f4bc82a4d015bd8c8d6f
main
Analyzing compilation unit
Performing interprocedural optimizations
<*free_lang_data> <visibility> <early_local_cleanups> <whole-program> <inline>Assembling functions:
main
Execution times (seconds)
parser : 0.01 (100%) usr 0.00 ( 0%) sys 0.01 (50%) wall 282 kB (21%) ggc
TOTAL : 0.01 0.00 0.02 1313 kB
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-Q' '-v' '-mfloat-abi=soft' '-mcpu=arm926ej-s' '-o' 'hello' '-mfpu=vfpv3-d16' '-mthumb'
/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/as -mcpu=arm926ej-s -mfloat-abi=soft -mfpu=vfpv3-d16 -meabi=5 -o /tmp/ccY0ERq5.o /tmp/ccU56dCs.s
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/:/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/:/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/:/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/:/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/:/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/:/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-Q' '-v' '-mfloat-abi=soft' '-mcpu=arm926ej-s' '-o' 'hello' '-mfpu=vfpv3-d16' '-mthumb'
/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/collect2 --build-id --no-add-needed --as-needed --eh-frame-hdr -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.3 -X --hash-style=gnu -m armelf_linux_eabi -z relro -o hello /usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib/crt1.o /usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/crtbegin.o -L/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6 -L/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib -L/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib -L/lib/arm-linux-gnueabi -L/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabi -L/usr/lib -L/lib /tmp/ccY0ERq5.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/crtend.o /usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib/crtn.o





$ readelf -A hello
Attribute Section: aeabi
File Attributes
Tag_CPU_name: "7-A"
Tag_CPU_arch: v7
Tag_CPU_arch_profile: Application
Tag_ARM_ISA_use: Yes
Tag_THUMB_ISA_use: Thumb-2
Tag_FP_arch: VFPv3-D16
Tag_ABI_PCS_wchar_t: 4
Tag_ABI_FP_denormal: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_exceptions: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_number_model: IEEE 754
Tag_ABI_align_needed: 8-byte
Tag_ABI_align_preserved: 8-byte, except leaf SP
Tag_ABI_enum_size: int
Tag_ABI_HardFP_use: SP and DP
Tag_CPU_unaligned_access: v6
Tag_DIV_use: Not allowed
then scp hello binary file to arm board:
Quote:
# ./hello
-sh: ./hello: cannot execute binary file
compiling with arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc which is my arm board toolchain:
Quote:

/home/al/art/usr/local/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc hello.c -o hello -Q -v
Using built-in specs.
Target: arm-linux-gnueabi
Configured with: /home/ace.yang/toolchain/cross/targets/src/gcc-4.3.3/configure --build=i686-build_pc-linux-gnu --host=i686-build_pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-linux-gnueabi --prefix=/usr/local/ --with-sysroot=/usr/local//arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,java --disable-multilib --with-float=soft --with-pkgversion=Artila-crosstool --disable-sjlj-exceptions --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libmudflap --disable-libgomp --disable-libssp --with-gmp=/home/ace.yang/toolchain/cross/targets/arm-linux-gnueabi/build/static --with-mpfr=/home/ace.yang/toolchain/cross/targets/arm-linux-gnueabi/build/static --enable-threads=posix --enable-target-optspace --with-local-prefix=/usr/local//arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root --disable-nls --enable-symvers=gnu --enable-c99 --enable-long-long
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.3.3 (Artila-crosstool)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'hello' '-Q' '-v' '-mfloat-abi=soft'
/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../libexec/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/cc1 -v -iprefix /home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/ -isysroot /home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root hello.c -dumpbase hello.c -mfloat-abi=soft -auxbase hello -version -o /tmp/ccBxAq8b.s
ignoring nonexistent directory "/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/usr/local//arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/include-fixed"
ignoring duplicate directory "/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/include
/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/include-fixed
/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/include
/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/usr/include
End of search list.
GNU C (Artila-crosstool) version 4.3.3 (arm-linux-gnueabi)
compiled by GNU C version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48), GMP version 4.3.2, MPFR version 3.0.0.
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
options passed: -v -iprefix
/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/
-isysroot /home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root
hello.c -mfloat-abi=soft
options enabled: -falign-loops -fargument-alias -fauto-inc-dec
-fbranch-count-reg -fcommon -fearly-inlining
-feliminate-unused-debug-types -ffunction-cse -fgcse-lm -fident -fivopts
-fkeep-static-consts -fleading-underscore -fmath-errno
-fmerge-debug-strings -fmove-loop-invariants -fpeephole
-freg-struct-return -fsched-interblock -fsched-spec
-fsched-stalled-insns-dep -fsigned-zeros -fsplit-ivs-in-unroller
-ftoplevel-reorder -ftrapping-math -ftree-cselim -ftree-loop-im
-ftree-loop-ivcanon -ftree-loop-optimize -ftree-parallelize-loops=
-ftree-reassoc -ftree-scev-cprop -ftree-vect-loop-version -fvar-tracking
-fzero-initialized-in-bss -mglibc -mlittle-endian -msched-prolog
-mthumb-interwork
Compiler executable checksum: c3bbbe8141d41807857b09ceff9e7a7e
main
Execution times (seconds)
preprocessing : 0.01 (100%) usr 0.00 ( 0%) sys 0.00 ( 0%) wall 74 kB (11%) ggc
parser : 0.00 ( 0%) usr 0.00 ( 0%) sys 0.02 (100%) wall 138 kB (20%) ggc
TOTAL : 0.01 0.00 0.02 681 kB
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'hello' '-Q' '-v' '-mfloat-abi=soft'
/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/as -mfloat-abi=soft -meabi=4 -o /tmp/cc2ocnTf.o /tmp/ccBxAq8b.s
COMPILER_PATH=/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../libexec/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/:/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../libexec/gcc/:/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/:/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/:/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/lib/:/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'hello' '-Q' '-v' '-mfloat-abi=soft'
/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../libexec/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/collect2 --sysroot=/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root --eh-frame-hdr -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.3 -X -m armelf_linux_eabi -o hello /home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/usr/lib/crt1.o /home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/usr/lib/crti.o /home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/crtbegin.o -L/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3 -L/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc -L/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/lib -L/home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/usr/lib /tmp/cc2ocnTf.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/crtend.o /home/ali/artila/usr/local/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabi//sys-root/usr/lib/crtn.o





readelf -A hello
Attribute Section: aeabi
File Attributes
Tag_CPU_name: "ARM9TDMI"
Tag_CPU_arch: v4T
Tag_ARM_ISA_use: Yes
Tag_THUMB_ISA_use: Thumb-1
Tag_ABI_PCS_wchar_t: 4
Tag_ABI_FP_denormal: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_exceptions: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_number_model: IEEE 754
Tag_ABI_align_needed: 8-byte
Tag_ABI_enum_size: int
then scp hello binary file to arm board:
Quote:

# ./hello
hello !!!
I have to say I have tested all of arm9 parameter for mcpu and armv4 parameters for march but none of them worked.
I can see so many differences but I don't know how can I solve it

thanks for any help

vbsaltydog 04-10-2013 02:14 PM
Try:

add-apt-repository ppa:germia/archive3
apt-get update
apt-get install gcc-arm-none-eabi binutils-arm-none-eabi newlib-arm-none-eabi gdb-arm-none-eabi

Then compile with CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-eabi-

theNbomr 04-23-2013 10:30 AM
There are so many variants of ARM CPUs and other elements: CPU version, ABI, Floating point support, endianness, etc, that not all toolchains for ARM are anything like equal. Your case is evidence of this. Since you evidently do have one working cross toolchain, I don't really see what the problem is.

--- rod.


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