Javascript is a "java-like" scripting language used mostly on web pages. For example, the google ads on this site are run under a javascript script. To answer your question as what you need, you'll want a web server running (Apache)and a browser to view the web page.
Javascript is embedded in a <script> tag. A very easy example of javascript would be the following:
<script type="text/javascript">
alert('Hello World');
</script>
If you view the source of this page, you'll see a lot of javascript examples.
There's this really cool website called
www.google.com You can find a box there in which you can type, "javascript tutorial" and be presented with several thousands of places to learn more.