Nothing went wrong. Most modern Linux systems now use udev and hotplug. What this means is that devices are created when they are added to the configuration. If you plug in a USB device, and the software recognizes it as a hard drive, a /dev/sdX device will be created.
If that's not happening, then you need to post the output of 'lspci' as well as the output of 'dmesg | tail -n 50' (both just after plugging in the device), so folks can see what is happening and hopefully point you in the right direction.
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