I configured my Debian to print from a windows printer using the KDE print manager tool. Alternately you can use the CUPS web based print manager
http://localhost:631/admin.
Try typing smbclient -L //computername
first to see if the printer is listed as one of the shares on the windows computer.
May also help to check out the cups documentation
http://www.cups.org/doc-1.1/sam.html#8_9
Also what version of Debian are you running??