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Let's say your Ubuntu installation won't boot after your "master" installation (Fedora, etc) installs a new kernel. The master installation will automatically update grub and sometimes the new grub.cfg has an erroneous UUID.
You are going to make changes in the master installation's grub.cfg. In order to know what partition is being affected by the faulty grub.cfg, you would run gparted and look for the partition that contains Ubuntu. I place labels on each of my installations which makes this much easier. To label your installation right-click on the partition in gparted and write a description like Ubuntu14.04-Root.
You don't, however, need to know the partition number to make corrections. You can compare the out put of blkid to the grub.cfg on the master installation.
Here is the output of blkid (you don't have to designate a partition; it will show UUID's for every partition on your hard drive):
Thanks for this post! I found it quite informative...the only thing was you didn't say where the partitions that one would have to edit are...I think that would be the final touch tho.
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